1. Contemporary Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing
2. About the Authors
3. Thank You!
4. Preface
5. Underlying Themes
6. Organization
7. New to This Edition
8. The Textbook as a Map, a Compass, and an Inspiration
9. A Guide to Contemporary Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing
10. Special Features
11. Detailed Contents
12. Unit 1 Foundations for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
13. 1 Mental Health, Mental Disorder, and Psychiatric–Mental Health Clients: Who Are They?
14. Learning Outcomes
15. Key Terms
16. Critical Thinking Challenge
17. The Concepts of Deviance, Mental Health, and Mental Disorder
18. Deviance
19. Clients, Not Patients
20. Mental Health
21. Mental Disorder
22. Mental Disorder as a Global Problem
23. Mental Disorders in the United States
24. Comorbidity of Mental Disorders
25. Care-Seeking Patterns in Mental Health Care
26. Cost of Mental Health Care
27. Adequacy of Mental Health Care Services
28. Mental Disorders Around the Globe
29. Historical Perspectives
30. Era of Magico–Religious Explanations
31. Era of Organic Explanations
32. Era of Alienation
33. Era of Confinement
34. Era of Moral Treatment
35. Era of Psychoanalysis
36. Contemporary Developments
37. The Stigma of Mental Illness
38. Language Matters
39. References
40. 2 Psychiatric–Mental Health Nurses: Who Are They?
41. Learning Outcomes
42. Key Terms
43. Critical Thinking Challenge
44. Emergence of the Discipline
45. Early Psychiatric Nursing Education
46. Moving into the Mainstream
47. Psychiatric Nursing as a Specialty
48. Role Clarification
49. Clinical Nurse Specialist Role
50. Fiscal Decline and Retrenchment
51. Decade of the Brain
52. The New Millennium
53. Standards and Levels of Practice
54. Basic Level of Practice
55. Advanced Level of Practice
56. Partnership and Collaboration
57. The Mental Health Team
58. Cooperation Versus Competition
59. Clients and Families
60. Nursing’s Theoretic Heritage
61. Peplau
62. Travelbee
63. Paterson and Zderad
64. Watson
65. Benner
66. Implications for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
67. References
68. 3 Self-Awareness and the Psychiatric–Mental Health Nurse
69. Learning Outcomes
70. Key Terms
71. Critical Thinking Challenge
72. Personal Integration
73. Creating a Common Ground
74. Searching for Meaning
75. Feelings: The Affective Self
76. Self-Awareness of Feelings
77. Problems With Submerged Feelings
78. Dominant Emotional Themes
79. Acceptance of Disapproved Feelings
80. Beliefs and Values
81. Dogmatic Belief
82. Issues of Blame and Control
83. Attitudes and Opinions
84. Arriving at Values
85. Culture and Social Class
86. Sociocultural Heritage
87. Avoiding Misdiagnosis
88. Taking Care of the Self
89. Solitude
90. Physical Health
91. Sleep Deprivation and Shift Work Disorder
92. Attending to Internal Stress Signals
93. Burnout
94. Cues to Burnout
95. Reducing Burnout
96. Qualities That Enhance Therapeutic Relationships
97. Respect for the Client
98. Availability
99. Spontaneity
100. Hope
101. Acceptance
102. Sensitivity
103. Assertiveness
104. Passive Behavior
105. Aggressive Behavior
106. Assertive Behavior
107. Vision
108. Accountability
109. Advocacy
110. Spirituality
111. Empathy
112. Critical Thinking
113. References
114. 4 The Therapeutic Nurse–Client Relationship
115. Learning Outcomes
116. Key Terms
117. Critical Thinking Challenge
118. The One–to–One Relationship
119. Characteristics of Therapeutic Nurse–Client Relationships
120. Therapeutic Alliance
121. Professional
122. Informal Relationships
123. Formal Relationships
124. Mutually Defined
125. Collaborative
126. Goal Directed
127. Open
128. Negotiated
129. Committed
130. Culturally Sensitive
131. Phenomena Occurring in One–to–One Relationships
132. Resistance
133. Evaluating Behavior as Resistive
134. General Intervention Strategies With Resistance
135. Acting Out as Resistance
136. Intervention Strategies With Acting Out
137. Transference
138. Positive Transference
139. Negative Transference
140. Countertransference
141. Conflict Between Caretaker and Therapist Roles
142. Critical Distance
143. Gift Giving
144. Use of Touch
145. Self-Disclosure
146. Culture, Values, and Beliefs
147. Nursing Process Orientation (Beginning) Phase
148. Assessment
149. Subjective Data
150. Objective Data
151. The Initial Interview
152. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
153. Outcome Identification: NOC
154. Planning and Implementation: NIC
155. Developing the Therapeutic Contract
156. Establishing Trust
157. Keeping Confidentiality
158. Tuning In to Process
159. Addressing the Client’s Suffering
160. Clarifying Purpose, Roles, and Responsibilities
161. Gift Giving During the Orientation Phase
162. Evaluation
163. Nursing Process Working (Middle) Phase
164. Assessment
165. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
166. Outcome Identification: NOC
167. Planning and Implementation: NIC
168. Testing the Effect of New Behaviors
169. Implementing Problem-Solving Strategies
170. Challenging the Client’s Resistance to Change
171. Gift Giving During the Working Phase
172. Evaluation
173. Nursing Process Termination (End) Phase
174. Assessment
175. Nurse’s Self-Awareness
176. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
177. Outcome Identification: NOC
178. Planning and Implementation: NIC
179. Intervening in Specific Client Termination Behaviors
180. Providing for an Explicit and Therapeutic Good-Bye
181. Gift Giving During the Termination Phase
182. Referring the Client for Follow-Up
183. Evaluation
184. Clinical Supervision
185. Case Management
186. Community-Based Care
187. Home Care
188. References
189. Unit 2 Theoretical Basis for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
190. 5 Theories for Interdisciplinary Care in Psychiatry
191. Learning Outcomes
192. Key Terms
193. Critical Thinking Challenge
194. Scope of Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
195. Humanistic Interactionism and Psychobiology: The Mind–Body–Spirit Connection
196. Basic Premises of Interactionism
197. Implications for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
198. The First Premise: Behavior Is Purposeful
199. The Second Premise: Different Meanings for Different People
200. The Third Premise: Meanings Arise in One’s Social World
201. The Fourth Premise: Meaning Is Individually Inter preted
202. The Fifth Premise: Self as a Valued Object
203. The Sixth Premise: New Ways of Being
204. The Seventh Premise: Culture Shapes Conduct
205. Basic Premises of Humanism
206. Implications for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
207. A Holistic View of the Mind–Body Relationship
208. An Expanded Role for Nurses
209. Negotiation and Advocacy
210. Basic Premises of Psychobiology
211. Implications for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
212. Theories for Interdisciplinary Psychiatric Care
213. Medical–Psychobiologic Theory
214. Assumptions and Key Ideas
215. Implications for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
216. Psychoanalytic Theory
217. Assumptions and Key Ideas
218. Psychic Determinism
219. Role of the Unconscious
220. Psychoanalysis
221. Structure of the Mind
222. Instinctual Drives
223. The Oedipus Complex and the Electra Complex
224. Decline of Freudian Psychoanalysis
225. Implications for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
226. Cognitive–Behavioral Theory
227. Assumptions and Key Ideas
228. Implications for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
229. Social–Interpersonal Theories
230. Assumptions and Key Ideas
231. Interpersonal–Psychiatric Theory: Harry Stack Sullivan
232. Hierarchy of Basic Human Needs: Abraham Maslow
233. Client-Centered Therapy: Carl Rogers
234. Developmental Theory of Personality: Erik Erikson
235. General Systems Theory
236. Implications for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing Practice
237. References
238. 6 The Biologic Basis of Behavioral and Mental Disorders
239. Learning Outcomes
240. Key Terms
241. Critical Thinking Challenge
242. Brain, Mind, and Behavior
243. Neuroanatomy
244. Cerebrum
245. Frontal Lobe
246. Temporal Lobe
247. Parietal Lobe
248. Occipital Lobe
249. Limbic System
250. Amygdala
251. Hippocampus
252. Reticular Activating System
253. Extrapyramidal System
254. Diencephalon
255. Thalamus
256. Hypothalamus
257. Pituitary Gland
258. Basal Ganglia
259. Cerebellum
260. Brain Stem
261. Medulla Oblongata
262. Pons
263. Midbrain
264. Autonomic Nervous System
265. Genetics
266. Gene Structure
267. Gene Function
268. Genetic Research
269. Ethics in Genetic Research
270. The Genetic Basis of Psychiatric Illness
271. Neurons, Synapses, and Neurotransmission
272. Synaptic Transmission
273. Neurotransmitters
274. Dopamine
275. Norepinephrine
276. Serotonin
277. Acetylcholine
278. Histamine
279. Amino Acids
280. Psychoendocrinology and Psychoneuroimmunology
281. Endocrine System
282. Irregularities of Neuroendocrine Function
283. Neuropeptides
284. Immune System
285. Kindling and Behavioral Sensitization
286. Circadian Rhythms
287. Circadian Sleep Rhythm Disorders
288. Jet Lag Type
289. Delayed Sleep Phase Type
290. Advanced Sleep Phase Type
291. Psychobiology and Mental Disorders
292. Schizophrenia
293. Neuron Loss
294. Cognitive Abnormalities
295. Molecular Genetics
296. Structural Brain Abnormalities
297. Genetic Alterations
298. Stress–Diathesis Model
299. Mood Disorders
300. Anxiety Disorders
301. Panic Disorder
302. Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
303. Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type (DAT)
304. Neurobiology
305. Genetics
306. Personality Disorders
307. Neurobiology
308. Neurochemistry
309. Genetics
310. Substance-Related Disorders
311. Psychobiology and Nursing
312. References
313. 7 The Science of Psychopharmacology
314. Learning Outcomes
315. Key Terms
316. Critical Thinking Challenge
317. Psychopharmacology and Nursing
318. Neuroleptics and Psychotropics
319. Biologic Impact on Ethnically Distinct Groups
320. Antipsychotic Medications
321. Basic Mechanisms of Action
322. Major Effects
323. The Choice of a Specific Medication
324. Newer Antipsychotics
325. Clozapine (Clozaril)
326. Risperidone (Risperdal)
327. Dosage
328. The Decision to Use a Medication
329. Special Considerations
330. Unique Routes of Administration
331. Potential Side Effects of Antipsychotic Medications
332. Metabolizing Psychiatric Medications
333. Antidepressant Medications
334. Psychobiologic Considerations
335. Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
336. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
337. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
338. Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
339. Other Medications Used for Depression
340. Age-Related Considerations
341. Mood Stabilizers
342. Dosage
343. Psychobiology of Lithium
344. Anxiolytic Medications
345. Effects
346. Meprobamate
347. Benzodiazepines and Nonbenzodiazepines
348. New Medications
349. Uses for Anxiolytics
350. Psychobiology of Anxiolytic Medications
351. Treatment for Insomnia
352. Treatment of Dat
353. Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
354. Glutamate Pathway Modifier
355. Medication Counterfeiting
356. Herbal Medicines
357. Assessing Herb Consumption
358. References
359. 8 Stress, Anxiety, and Coping
360. Learning Outcomes
361. Key Terms
362. Critical Thinking Challenge
363. Stress
364. Conflict as a Stressor
365. Approach–Avoidance Conflict
366. Avoidance–Avoidance Conflict
367. Approach–Approach Conflict
368. Biopsychosocial Theories of Stress
369. The Fight-or-Flight Response to Stress
370. Selye’s Stress–Adaptation Theory
371. Life Changes as Stressful Events
372. Application to Clinical Practice
373. Stress as a Transaction
374. Psychoneuroimmunology Framework
375. Self-Healing Personalities
376. Hardiness, Resilience, and Health
377. Disease-Prone Personalities
378. Anxiety
379. Neurobiologic Basis of Anxiety
380. Sources of Anxiety
381. Anxiety as a Continuum
382. Mild Anxiety
383. Moderate Anxiety
384. Severe Anxiety
385. Panic
386. Assessing Anxiety
387. Physiological Dimension
388. Cognitive Dimension
389. Emotional/Behavioral Dimension
390. Coping with Stress and Anxiety
391. Everyday Ways of Coping With Stress
392. Seeking Comfort
393. Relying on Self-Discipline
394. Intense Expression of Feeling
395. Avoidance and Withdrawal
396. Talking It Out
397. Privately Thinking It Through
398. Working It Off
399. Engaging in Self-Healing Mind–Body Practices
400. Spirituality and Prayerfulness
401. Using Symbolic Substitutes
402. Somatizing
403. Defense-Oriented Ways of Coping: Defense Mechanisms
404. Repression
405. Nursing Intervention Strategies
406. Regression
407. Nursing Intervention Strategies
408. Suppression
409. Nursing Intervention Strategies
410. Dissociation
411. Nursing Intervention Strategies
412. Identification
413. Nursing Intervention Strategies
414. Introjection
415. Nursing Intervention Strategies
416. Projection
417. Nursing Intervention Strategies
418. Denial
419. Nursing Intervention Strategies
420. Fantasy
421. Nursing Intervention Strategies
422. Rationalization
423. Nursing Intervention Strategies
424. Reaction Formation
425. Nursing Intervention Strategies
426. Displacement
427. Nursing Intervention Strategies
428. Undoing
429. Nursing Intervention Strategies
430. Intellectualization
431. Nursing Intervention Strategies
432. Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions
433. Holistic Theory of Illness
434. Selected Conditions Affected by Psychological Factors
435. Gastrointestinal Disorders
436. Peptic Ulcer
437. Inflammatory Bowel Disorders
438. Cardiovascular Disorders
439. Endocrine Disorders
440. Asthma
441. Arthritis
442. Headache
443. Skin Disorders
444. Resistance to Psychosocial Intervention
445. References
446. 9 Cultural Competence
447. Learning Outcomes
448. Key Terms
449. Critical Thinking Challenge
450. Developing an Understanding of Cultural Competence
451. Cultural Competence
452. Worldview
453. Ethnicity and Ethnocentrism
454. Cultural Sensitivity
455. Cultural Values
456. Cross-Cultural Communication
457. Language and Dialect
458. Working With an Interpreter
459. Degree of Literacy
460. Other Cultural Phenomena Affecting Health and Health Care
461. Control Over One’s Environment
462. Biologic Variations
463. Social Organization
464. Space
465. Time Orientation
466. Cultural Assessment
467. Degree of Acculturation
468. Heritage Assessment
469. Transcultural Care Planning
470. Culture Brokering
471. The Nurse-as-Culture-Broker
472. Conditions That Affect Brokering
473. Stages of Culture Brokering
474. Developing Cultural Competence in Nursing Practice
475. General Strategies for Developing Cultural Competence
476. Developing Cultural Competence With Specific Cultural Groups
477. Culturally Competent Health Care Promotion and Disease Prevention Programs
478. Cultural Risk Factors for Mental Disorder
479. Gender Differences
480. Age
481. Social Class and Poverty
482. Ethnicity
483. Marital Status
484. Physical Health Status
485. Positive Family History
486. Season of Birth
487. Adverse Life Events
488. Physical Environment
489. Lifestyle Habits
490. Culture and Culture-Bound Syndromes in the DSM
491. Advocating Issues of Cultural Diversity in Nursing
492. Nursing Practice
493. Nursing Research
494. Nursing Education
495. References
496. Unit 3 Psychiatric– Mental Health Nursing Processes
497. 10 Therapeutic Communication
498. Learning Outcomes
499. Key Terms
500. Critical Thinking Challenge
501. The Process of Human Communication
502. Role of Perception
503. Role of Values
504. Role of Culture
505. The Spoken Word
506. Denotation and Connotation
507. Private and Shared Meanings
508. Nonverbal Messages
509. Body Movement
510. Voice Quality and Nonlanguage Sounds
511. Personal and Social Space
512. Touch
513. Cultural Artifacts
514. Verbal and Nonverbal Links
515. Biopsychosocial Theories And Models Of Human Communication
516. Symbolic Interactionist Model
517. Neurobiologic Factors
518. Therapeutic Communication Theory
519. Basic Concepts
520. Successful Versus Disturbed Communication
521. Efficiency
522. Appropriateness
523. Flexibility
524. Feedback
525. Behavioral Effects and Human Communication Theory
526. Communication Levels
527. Communication Disturbances
528. Neurolinguistic Programming Theory
529. Determining the Sensory Modality
530. Preferred Predicates
531. Eye-Accessing Cues
532. Gross Hand Movements
533. Breathing Pattern
534. Speech Pattern and Voice Tones
535. Therapeutic Use of NLP
536. Facilitating Communication And Building A Relationship
537. Superficiality Versus Intimacy
538. Facilitating Intimacy
539. Responding With Empathy
540. Responding With Respect
541. Responding With Genuineness
542. Responding With Immediacy
543. Responding With Warmth
544. Therapeutic Communication Skills
545. Speaking to the Hard of Hearing
546. Empathizing
547. Active Listening
548. Using Silence
549. Reflecting
550. Reflecting Content
551. Reflecting Feelings
552. Imparting Information
553. Avoiding Self-Disclosure
554. Clarifying
555. Paraphrasing
556. Checking Perceptions
557. Questioning
558. Structuring
559. Pinpointing
560. Linking
561. Giving Feedback
562. Confronting
563. Summarizing
564. Processing
565. Common Mistakes
566. Circumventing Potential Cultural Barriers To Communication
567. References
568. 11 Psychiatric–Mental Health Assessment
569. Learning Outcomes
570. Key Terms
571. Critical Thinking Challenge
572. The Nursing Role in Assessment
573. Psychiatric Examination
574. Psychiatric History
575. Data Sources
576. Mental Status Examination
577. General Behavior, Appearance, and Attitude
578. Characteristics of Speech
579. Mutism
580. Circumstantiality
581. Perseveration
582. Flight of Ideas
583. Blocking
584. Emotional State
585. Content of Thought
586. Orientation
587. Memory
588. General Intellectual Level
589. Abstract Thinking
590. Insight Evaluation
591. Summary
592. Mini-Mental State Exam
593. Nurses’ Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluations
594. Physiological Assessment
595. Biologic History Taking
596. Observation
597. Neurologic Assessment
598. Brain Imaging Techniques
599. Psychological Testing
600. Personality Tests
601. Objective Personality Tests
602. Projective Personality Tests
603. Cognitive Function Tests
604. Common Cognitive Function Tests
605. Psychiatric Diagnostic Practice According to the DSM
606. Basic Principles of the Multiaxial System
607. Description of the Axes
608. Axis I: Clinical Disorders
609. Axis II: Personality Disorders
610. Axis III: General Medical Conditions
611. Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems
612. Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning
613. Psychosocial Assessment
614. Individual Assessment
615. The Place of Assessment in Practice
616. Nursing Care Plans
617. Critical Pathways
618. Algorithms
619. Quality Assurance
620. References
621. 12 Ethics, Clients’ Rights, and Legal and Forensic Issues
622. Learning Outcomes
623. Key Terms
624. Critical Thinking Challenge
625. Ethics
626. Ethical Analysis
627. Principles of Bioethics
628. Autonomy
629. Beneficence
630. Fidelity
631. Justice
632. Nonmaleficence
633. Veracity
634. Neuroethics: An Emerging Field
635. Ethical Guidelines for Psychiatric–Mental Health Nurses
636. Clinical Judgment and Ethical Reasoning
637. Ethical Dilemmas in Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing
638. Stigma of Psychiatric Diagnoses
639. Need for Diagnostic Labels
640. Nurse’s Moral Stance on Diagnoses
641. Control of Individual Freedom
642. Violence Against Others
643. Suicide
644. Psychosurgery
645. Psychotropic Medications
646. Restraints
647. Client Privacy and Confidentiality
648. Legislation, Commitment, and Hospitalization Issues
649. Admission and Commitment Categories
650. Voluntary Admission
651. Involuntary Commitment
652. Emergency
653. Temporary or Observational
654. Extended or Indeterminate
655. Involuntary Outpatient Commitment
656. Ethical Dilemmas of Involuntary Hospitalization
657. Discharge or Separation Categories
658. Discharge
659. Conditional
660. Absolute
661. Transfer
662. Escape
663. Psychiatry and Criminal Law
664. Determining Legal Sanity
665. M’Naghten Rule
666. Irresistible Impulse
667. American Law Institute Model Penal Code
668. Guilty but Mentally Ill
669. Diminished Capacity
670. Competence to Stand Trial
671. Psychiatric Forensic Nursing
672. Dimensions of Practice
673. Role Credibility
674. Roles and Functions
675. Forensic Examiner
676. Competency Therapist
677. Expert Witness
678. Consultant to Attorneys
679. Consultant to Law Enforcement
680. Correctional Mental Health Nursing
681. Client Rights
682. Right to Informed Consent
683. Right to Treatment
684. Right to Refuse Treatment
685. Ethical Dilemmas
686. Right to Treatment in the Least Restrictive Setting
687. Treatment Setting
688. Institutional Policy
689. Enforcement
690. Treatment
691. Client Characteristics
692. Right to Communicate With Others
693. Right Not to Be Subjected to Unnecessary Mechanical Restraints
694. Right to Privacy
695. Privileged Communication
696. Disclosure to Safeguard Others
697. Right to Periodic Review
698. Right to Independent Psychiatric Examination
699. Right to Participate in Legal Matters
700. Contracts
701. Wills
702. Marriage and Divorce
703. Voting
704. Right to Drive
705. Right to Practice a Profession
706. Right to Habeas Corpus
707. Rights of Children or Minors
708. Psychiatric Advance Directives
709. Liability and the Psychiatric–Mental Health Nurse
710. Negligence
711. Conditions for Establishing Negligence
712. Contract for Care
713. Duty of Care
714. Presence of Harm
715. Common Practice
716. Boundary Violation
717. Acting Against the Nurse’s Advice
718. Malpractice
719. Need to Document
720. Client Advocacy
721. Physical and Psychological Abuse of Clients
722. Advocacy Interventions
723. Duty to Intervene
724. Contract for Care
725. Assessment
726. Responsibility to Communicate and Collaborate
727. Formulating a Plan to Intervene
728. Illegal, Immoral, or Unethical Activities of Professionals
729. References
730. 13 Creating Hospital and Community-Based Therapeutic Environments
731. Learning Outcomes
732. Key Terms
733. Critical Thinking Challenge
734. Deinstitutionalization and the Community Mental Health Movement
735. The Therapeutic Environment in Hospital-Based Care
736. Admission Criteria
737. A Unique Role for Nurses
738. External Factors Affecting the Treatment Environment
739. Privacy
740. Autonomy
741. Safety
742. Group Well-Being
743. Therapeutic Environment Principles
744. Restrictiveness
745. Orienting the Client and Family
746. Safety and the Structural Environment
747. Program Structure
748. Program Rules
749. Community Meetings
750. Client Government
751. Supportive Social Climate
752. Spirituality
753. Encouraging a Partnership With Clients and Families
754. Establishing a Daily Schedule
755. Using Positive Communication Skills
756. Identifying and Participating in Support Groups
757. Recognizing Illness Relapse or Exacerbation
758. The Therapeutic Environment in Community-Based Care
759. Community Mental Health Centers
760. Mobile Outreach Units
761. Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)
762. Psychiatric Home Care
763. Managed Mental Health Care
764. Managed Care Settings
765. Inpatient Settings
766. Shorter, More Intense Stays
767. Critical Pathways
768. Primary Care Centers
769. Triage Services
770. Employer-Based Clinics
771. Unique Aspects of MCOs
772. Legal Issues
773. Treatment Adherence
774. Medication Adherence
775. MCO Member Expectations
776. Continuity of Care
777. Ethics in Managed Mental Health Care
778. Case Management
779. Case Manager Role
780. Gatekeeping and Facilitating
781. Client Advocacy
782. Assessment Phase Challenges
783. Planning Phase Challenges
784. Implementation Phase Challenges
785. Evaluation Phase Challenges
786. References
787. Unit 4 Clients With Mental Disorders
788. 14 Cognitive Disorders
789. Learning Outcomes
790. Key Terms
791. Critical Thinking Challenge
792. Delirium
793. Signs of Delirium
794. Cognition
795. Attention and Wakefulness
796. Psychomotor Behavior
797. Differentiating Delirium from Dementia and Depression
798. Dementia
799. Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type (DAT)
800. Signs of Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type (DAT)
801. Progression of Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type (DAT)
802. Treatment for DAT
803. Dementia With Lewy Bodies
804. Vascular Dementia
805. Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
806. Huntington’s Disease
807. Pick’s Disease
808. Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease (CJD)
809. New Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease (nvCJD)
810. Binswanger’s Disease (BD)
811. Pseudodementia
812. Medical Conditions Affecting Cognition
813. Focal Brain Processes
814. Medication Side Effects
815. HIV-Associated Dementia
816. Amnestic Disorder
817. Biopsychosocial Theories
818. Nursing Process Clients With Cognitive Disorders
819. Assessment
820. Subjective Data
821. Cognitive Functioning
822. Nursing Diagnoses: NANDA
823. Impaired Physical Mobility
824. Self-Care Deficit: Bathing/Hygiene, Dressing/Grooming, Feeding, Toileting
825. Readiness for Enhanced Sleep
826. Disturbed Thought Processes
827. Impaired Verbal Communication
828. Risk for Self-Directed Violence and Risk for Other-Directed Violence
829. Ineffective Role Performance
830. Disturbed Sensory Perception
831. Risk for Situational Low Self-Esteem
832. Functional Urinary Incontinence, Bowel Incontinence
833. Imbalanced Nutrition, Less Than Body Requirements
834. Outcome Identification: NOC
835. Planning and Implementation: NIC
836. Promoting Normal Motor Behavior
837. Maintaining Self-Care
838. Promoting Adequate Sleep
839. Supporting Knowledge Processes
840. Supporting Optimal Memory Functioning
841. Promoting Optimal Medication Management
842. Promoting Optimal Orientation
843. Supporting Optimal Verbal Expression
844. Supporting Appropriate Conduct/Impulse Control
845. Supporting Optimal Role Performance
846. Maintaining Optimal Attention Span
847. Promoting Optimal Self-Concept/Self-Esteem
848. Supporting Optimal Perceptual Functioning
849. Promoting Optimal Patterns of Elimination
850. Promoting Optimal Nutritional Status
851. Evaluation
852. Delirium Evaluation Criteria
853. Dementia Evaluation Criteria
854. Case Management
855. Community-Based Care
856. Home Care
857. References
858. 15 Substance-Related Disorders
859. Learning Outcomes
860. Key Terms
861. Critical Thinking Challenge
862. Substance-Related Disorders
863. Substance Abuse
864. Substance Dependence
865. Substance Intoxication
866. Substance Withdrawal
867. Substance-Induced Sleep Disorders
868. Biopsychosocial Theories
869. Biologic/Genetic Theories
870. Psychological Theories
871. Sociocultural Theories
872. Family Systems Theories
873. Dysfunctional Family Roles
874. Alcohol
875. The Effects of Alcohol
876. Patterns of Use
877. Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
878. Hangover
879. Alcoholic Hallucinosis
880. Generalized Seizures
881. Delirium Tremens
882. Withdrawal from Alcohol and Medical Treatment
883. Minor Withdrawal
884. Major Withdrawal
885. Treatment of Withdrawal
886. Blackouts
887. Alcohol-Induced Persisting Amnestic Disorder
888. Alcoholic Encephalopathy
889. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
890. Suicide and Alcoholism
891. Barbiturates or Similarly Acting Sedatives or Hypnotics
892. The Effects of Barbiturates, Sedatives, or Hypnotics
893. Patterns of Use
894. Action
895. Withdrawal
896. Opioids
897. The Effects of Opioids
898. Patterns of Use
899. Overdose
900. Withdrawal
901. Treatment
902. Amphetamines or Similarly Acting Sympathomimetics
903. The Effects of Amphetamines
904. Patterns of Use
905. Methamphetamine
906. Withdrawal
907. Cannabis
908. The Effects of Cannabis
909. Patterns of Use
910. Cocaine
911. The Effects of Cocaine
912. Cocaine Intoxication
913. The “Post-Coke” Blues
914. Patterns of Use
915. Treatment
916. Crack
917. Symptoms of Crack Use
918. Freebase
919. Phencyclidine (PCP)
920. The Effects of PCP
921. Treatment
922. Hallucinogens
923. The Effects of Hallucinogens
924. Treatment
925. Bad Trips
926. Flashbacks
927. Inhalants
928. The Effects of Inhalants
929. Patterns of Use
930. Treatment
931. Nicotine
932. The Effects of Nicotine
933. Patterns of Use
934. Treatment
935. Caffeine
936. The Effects of Caffeine
937. Patterns of Use
938. Treatment
939. Polydrug Use
940. Designer Drugs
941. Groups at Risk for Substance Abuse
942. Teenagers
943. Psychiatric Clients With Coexisting Substance Abuse Disorders
944. Gender Differences
945. Biologic Aspects
946. General Hospital Clients
947. Older Adults
948. Adult Children of Alcoholics
949. Health Care Providers
950. Nursing Process Clients With Substance-Related Disorders
951. Assessment
952. Subjective Data
953. Objective Data
954. Nursing Diagnoses: NANDA
955. Outcome Identification: NOC
956. Planning and Implementation: NIC
957. General Hospital Care
958. Specialty Hospital Care
959. Residential Rehabilitation
960. Extended Residential Care
961. Outpatient Care
962. Self-Help Groups
963. Relapse
964. General Treatment Approaches
965. Helping the Family
966. Evaluation
967. Case Management
968. Community-Based Care
969. Home Care
970. References
971. 16 Schizophrenia
972. Learning Outcomes
973. Key Terms
974. Critical Thinking Challenge
975. Symptoms of Schizophrenia
976. Positive Symptoms
977. Hallucinations
978. Delusions
979. Disordered Speech and Behavior
980. Negative Symptoms
981. Flat Affect
982. Alogia
983. Avolition
984. Anhedonia
985. Recognizing the Presence of Negative Symptoms
986. Subtypes of Schizophrenia
987. Paranoid Type
988. Disorganized Type
989. Catatonic Type
990. Undifferentiated Type
991. Residual Type
992. Somatic Treatments
993. Relapse
994. Other Psychotic Disorders
995. Schizophreniform Disorder
996. Schizoaffective Disorder
997. Delusional Disorder
998. Brief Psychotic Disorder
999. Additional Psychotic Disorders
1000. Biopsychosocial Theories
1001. Biologic Theories
1002. Genetic Theories
1003. Brain Structure Abnormalities
1004. Biochemical Theories
1005. Psychological Theories
1006. Information Processing
1007. Attention and Arousal
1008. Family Theories
1009. Humanistic–Interactional Theories
1010. Stress–Vulnerability Model
1011. Resources That Moderate Stress
1012. Nursing Process Clients With Schizophrenia
1013. Assessment
1014. Subjective Data
1015. Objective Data
1016. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1017. Impaired Communication
1018. Self-Care Deficits
1019. Activity Intolerance
1020. Social Isolation
1021. Decisional Conflict
1022. Disturbed Sensory Perception
1023. Disturbed Body Image
1024. Excess Fluid Volume
1025. Disturbed Thought Processes
1026. Dysfunctional Family Processes
1027. Interrupted Family Processes
1028. Outcome Identification: NOC
1029. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1030. Preventing Relapse
1031. Promoting Adequate Communication
1032. Promoting Adherence With Medication Regimen
1033. Assisting With Grooming and Hygiene
1034. Promoting Organized Behavior
1035. Promoting Social Interaction and Activity
1036. Promoting Social Skills and Activities
1037. Intervening With Hallucinations and Delusions
1038. Promoting Congruent Emotional Responses
1039. Promoting Family Understanding and Involvement
1040. Promoting Community Contacts
1041. Evaluation
1042. Communication
1043. Self-Care
1044. Activity Intolerance
1045. Social Isolation
1046. Sensory/Perceptual Alterations
1047. Thought Processes
1048. Emotional Responses
1049. Family Functioning
1050. Case Management
1051. Community-Based Care
1052. Home Care
1053. References
1054. 17 Mood Disorders
1055. Learning Outcomes
1056. Key Terms
1057. Critical Thinking Challenge
1058. Major Depressive Episode/Disorder
1059. Dysthymic Disorder
1060. Seasonal Affective Disorder
1061. Bipolar Disorders
1062. Manic and Hypomanic Episodes
1063. Depressed Episodes
1064. Mixed Episodes
1065. Cyclothymic Disorder
1066. Mood Disorders Due to Other Conditions
1067. Postpartum Mood Episodes
1068. Bereavement
1069. Dysfunctional Grieving
1070. Biopsychosocial Theories
1071. Psychoanalytic Theory
1072. Cognitive Theory
1073. Biologic Theories
1074. Gender and Age
1075. Genetic Theories
1076. Biochemical Theories
1077. Biologic Rhythms
1078. Psychological Factors
1079. Sociocultural Factors
1080. Nursing Process Clients With Major Depressive Disorders
1081. Assessment
1082. Subjective Data
1083. Objective Data
1084. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1085. Risk for Self-Directed Violence
1086. Situational Low Self-Esteem or Chronic Low Self-Esteem
1087. Hopelessness
1088. Social Isolation
1089. Outcome Identification: NOC
1090. Risk for Self-Directed Violence
1091. Situational Low Self-Esteem or Chronic Low Self-Esteem
1092. Hopelessness
1093. Social Isolation
1094. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1095. Preventing Suicide and Promoting Safety
1096. Promoting Self-Esteem
1097. Instilling Hope
1098. Enhancing Socialization
1099. Administering Medications
1100. Monitoring Electroconvulsive Therapy
1101. Evaluation
1102. Impulse Control and Suicide Self-Restraint
1103. Self-Esteem
1104. Hopelessness
1105. Social Involvement
1106. Case Management
1107. Community-Based Care
1108. Home Care
1109. Nursing Process Clients With Bipolar Disorders
1110. Assessment
1111. Subjective Data
1112. Objective Data
1113. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1114. Risk for Injury
1115. Disturbed Thought Processes
1116. Impaired Social Interaction
1117. Self-Care Deficit
1118. Sleep Deprivation
1119. Outcome Identification: NOC
1120. Risk for Injury
1121. Disturbed Thought Processes
1122. Impaired Social Interaction
1123. Self-Care Deficit
1124. Sleep Deprivation
1125. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1126. Promoting Client Safety
1127. Administering Medications
1128. Intervening With Delusions and Hallucinations
1129. Enhancing Socialization
1130. Monitoring Intake and Output and Promoting Nutrition
1131. Promoting Improved Self-Care
1132. Enhancing Rest and Sleep
1133. Evaluation
1134. Risk for Injury
1135. Cognitive Orientation and Reality-Based Thinking
1136. Social Interaction Skills
1137. Intake, Output, and Nutrition
1138. Self-Care
1139. Rest and Sleep
1140. Case Management, Community-Based Care, And Home Care
1141. References
1142. 18 Anxiety Disorders
1143. Learning Outcomes
1144. Key Terms
1145. Critical Thinking Challenge
1146. ANXIETY DISORDERS
1147. Panic Disorder
1148. Phobic Disorders
1149. Agoraphobia
1150. Social Phobia
1151. Specific Phobia
1152. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
1153. Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
1154. Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococci (PANDAS)
1155. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
1156. Acute Stress Disorder
1157. BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL THEORIES
1158. Biologic Factors
1159. Genetic Theories
1160. Psychosocial Theories
1161. Behavioral Theories
1162. Humanistic Theories
1163. The Nursing Process Clients With Anxiety Disorders
1164. Assessment
1165. Subjective Data
1166. Objective Data
1167. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1168. Fear
1169. Anxiety
1170. Ineffective Coping
1171. Ineffective Role Performance
1172. Impaired Verbal Communication
1173. Risk for Trauma
1174. Disturbed Thought Processes and Disturbed Sensory Perception
1175. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion
1176. Insomnia
1177. Outcome Identification: NOC
1178. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1179. Reducing Fear
1180. Reducing Anxiety
1181. Teaching Clients About Medications
1182. Promoting Effective Coping
1183. Interventions for Clients Experiencing Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
1184. Interventions for Clients Experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
1185. Interventions for Clients Experiencing Phobic Disorders
1186. Promoting Effective Communication
1187. Promoting Safety
1188. Promoting Optimal Tissue Perfusion
1189. Promoting Effective Sensory Perception and Thought Processes
1190. Promoting Sleep
1191. Evaluation
1192. Anxiety
1193. Individual Coping
1194. Role Performance
1195. Communication and Safety
1196. Thought Processes and Sensory Perception
1197. Tissue Perfusion
1198. Sleep
1199. CASE MANAGEMENT
1200. COMMUNITY-BASED CARE
1201. HOME CARE
1202. References
1203. 19 Dissociative, Somatoform, and Factitious Disorders
1204. Learning Outcomes
1205. Key Terms
1206. Critical Thinking Challenge
1207. Dissociative Disorders
1208. Dissociative Amnesia
1209. Dissociative Fugue
1210. Dissociative Identity Disorder
1211. Depersonalization Disorder
1212. Biopsychosocial Theories
1213. Biologic and Genetic Factors
1214. Psychosocial Theories
1215. Behavioral Theories
1216. Humanistic Theories
1217. The Nursing Process Clients With Dissociative Disorders
1218. Assessment
1219. Subjective Data
1220. Objective Data
1221. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1222. Disturbed Sensory Perception and Disturbed Thought Processes
1223. Ineffective Role Performance
1224. Ineffective Coping
1225. Outcome Identification: NOC
1226. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1227. Promoting Improved Sensory Perception and Thought Processes
1228. Promoting Effective Role Performance
1229. Promoting Effective Coping
1230. Evaluation
1231. Sensory Perception and Thought Processes
1232. Role Performance
1233. Individual Coping
1234. Case Management
1235. Community-Based Care
1236. Home Care
1237. Somatoform Disorders
1238. Somatization Disorder
1239. Conversion Disorder
1240. Pain Disorder
1241. Hypochondriasis
1242. Body Dysmorphic Disorder
1243. Undifferentiated Somatoform Disorder
1244. Malingering
1245. Factitious Disorder
1246. Factitious Disorder by Proxy
1247. Biopsychosocial Theories
1248. Biologic Factors
1249. Genetic Theories
1250. Psychosocial Theories
1251. Humanistic Theories
1252. Nursing Process Clients With Somatoform Disorders
1253. Assessment
1254. Subjective Data
1255. Objective Data
1256. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1257. Impaired Verbal Communication
1258. Ineffective Role Performance and Compromised Family Coping
1259. Ineffective Coping
1260. Disturbed Thought Processes and Disturbed Sensory Perception
1261. Outcome Identification: NOC
1262. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1263. Promoting Effective Communication
1264. Promoting Improved Role Performance and Family Coping
1265. Promoting Effective Coping
1266. Promoting Improved Perception and Thought Processes
1267. Evaluation
1268. Communication
1269. Role Performance and Family Coping
1270. Coping
1271. Perception and Thought Processes
1272. Case Management
1273. Community-Based Care
1274. Home Care
1275. References
1276. 20 Gender Identity and Sexual Disorders
1277. Learning Outcomes
1278. Key Terms
1279. Critical Thinking Challenge
1280. Gender And Transgender
1281. Gender Identity
1282. Gender Roles
1283. Disorders of Sexual Development
1284. Transsexuals
1285. Cross-Dressers
1286. Paraphilias
1287. Fetishism
1288. Transvestic Fetishism
1289. Sadism and Masochism (S/M)
1290. Exhibitionism, Voyeurism, and Frotteurism
1291. Pedophilia
1292. Altered Sexual Function
1293. Sexual Desire Disorders
1294. Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
1295. Sexual Aversion Disorder
1296. Sexual Arousal Disorders
1297. Orgasmic Disorders
1298. Female Orgasmic Disorder
1299. Male Orgasmic Disorder
1300. Premature Ejaculation
1301. Sexual Pain Disorder
1302. Dyspareunia
1303. Vaginismus
1304. Increased Sexual Interest
1305. Sexual Addiction
1306. Biopsychosocial Theories
1307. Biologic Theory
1308. Intrapersonal Theory
1309. Behavioral Theory
1310. Interpersonal Factors
1311. Sociocultural Factors
1312. Nursing Process Clients With Sexual Problems
1313. Assessment
1314. Subjective Data
1315. Objective Data
1316. Erectile Capacity
1317. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1318. Anxiety and Fear
1319. Spiritual Distress
1320. Compromised Family Coping
1321. Disturbed Personal Identity
1322. Ineffective Role Performance
1323. Ineffective Sexuality Pattern
1324. Risk for Violence: Self-Directed or Other-Directed
1325. Pain
1326. Deficient Knowledge
1327. Sexual Dysfunction
1328. Outcome Identification: NOC
1329. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1330. Using the PLISSIT Model
1331. Giving Permission
1332. Supplying Information
1333. Suggesting Adaptations
1334. Referring for Intensive Therapy
1335. Reducing Violence Against the Self
1336. Reducing Violence Against Others
1337. Promoting Comfort With Gender Identity
1338. Reducing Pain
1339. Educating About Noncoercive Sex Patterns
1340. Reinforcing Sexual Health
1341. Managing Compulsive Sexual Behavior
1342. Addressing Sexual Dysfunctions
1343. Enhancing Communication
1344. Reducing Spiritual Distress
1345. Increasing Knowledge
1346. Evaluation
1347. Violence
1348. Gender Identity
1349. Pain
1350. Noncoercive Sexuality Patterns
1351. Compulsive Sexual Behavior
1352. Sexual Dysfunction
1353. Spiritual Distress
1354. Case Management
1355. Community-Based Care
1356. Home Care
1357. References
1358. 21 Eating Disorders
1359. Learning Outcomes
1360. Key Terms
1361. Critical Thinking Challenge
1362. Anorexia Nervosa
1363. Bulimia Nervosa
1364. Biopsychosocial Theories
1365. Psychoanalytic Theory
1366. Family Systems Theory
1367. Cognitive–Behavioral Theories
1368. Sociocultural Theory
1369. Biologic Theory
1370. Nursing Process The Client with Anorexia Nervosa
1371. Assessment
1372. Subjective Data
1373. Objective Data
1374. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1375. Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
1376. Ineffective Individual Coping
1377. Disturbed Body Image
1378. Chronic Low Self-Esteem
1379. Outcome Identification: NOC
1380. Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
1381. Ineffective Individual Coping
1382. Disturbed Body Image
1383. Chronic Low Self-Esteem
1384. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1385. Managing Nutrition
1386. Facilitating Coping
1387. Enhancing Body Image
1388. Improving Self-Esteem
1389. Evaluation
1390. Nutritional Status
1391. Coping
1392. Body Image
1393. Self-Esteem
1394. Case Management
1395. Community-Based Care
1396. Home Care
1397. Nursing Process The Client with Bulimia Nervosa
1398. Assessment
1399. Subjective Data
1400. Objective Data
1401. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1402. Anxiety
1403. Deficient Fluid Volume
1404. Ineffective Individual Coping
1405. Compromised Family Coping
1406. Outcome Identification: NOC
1407. Anxiety
1408. Deficient Fluid Volume
1409. Ineffective Individual Coping
1410. Compromised Family Coping
1411. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1412. Managing Medication
1413. Reducing Anxiety
1414. Managing Fluids and Electrolytes
1415. Facilitating Coping
1416. Mobilizing the Family
1417. Evaluation
1418. Anxiety
1419. Fluid Volume
1420. Individual Coping
1421. Family Coping
1422. Case Management, Community-Based Care, and Home Care
1423. References
1424. 22 Personality Disorders
1425. Learning Outcomes
1426. Key Terms
1427. Critical Thinking Challenge
1428. PERSONALITY DISORDERS
1429. Cluster A Personality Disorders: Odd–Eccentric
1430. Paranoid Personality Disorder
1431. Suspiciousness and Mistrust
1432. Rigidity
1433. Hypervigilance
1434. Distortions of Reality
1435. Projection
1436. Restricted Affect
1437. Alienation
1438. Schizoid Personality Disorder
1439. Schizotypal Personality Disorder
1440. Cluster B Personality Disorders: Dramatic–Emotional
1441. Borderline Personality Disorder
1442. Impulsivity
1443. Intense Anger
1444. Identity Diffusion
1445. Unstable Interpersonal Relationships
1446. Affective Instability
1447. Feelings of Emptiness and Aloneness
1448. Self-Mutilation
1449. Distortions of Reality
1450. Histrionic Personality Disorder
1451. Dramatic, Exhibitionistic, and Egocentric Responses
1452. Dysfunctional Interpersonal Relationships
1453. Impaired Sexual Expression
1454. Dysphoric Mood
1455. Cognitive Alterations
1456. Impaired Health Patterns
1457. Narcissistic Personality Disorder
1458. Grandiosity
1459. Exhibitionism
1460. Labile Affective Response
1461. Dysfunctional Interpersonal Relationships
1462. Impaired Sexual Expression
1463. Antisocial Personality Disorder
1464. Cluster C Personality Disorders: Anxious–Fearful
1465. Avoidant Personality Disorder
1466. Dependent Personality Disorder
1467. Obsessive–Compulsive Personality Disorder
1468. Biopsychosocial Theories
1469. Biologic Factors
1470. Genetic Theories
1471. Psychosocial Theories
1472. Humanistic Theories
1473. NURSING SELF-AWARENESS
1474. Nursing Process Clients With Cluster A (Odd–Eccentric) Personality Disorders
1475. Assessment
1476. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1477. Outcome Identification: NOC
1478. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1479. Anger and Aggressive Behavior
1480. Evaluation
1481. Nursing Process Clients With Cluster B (Dramatic–Emotional) Personality Disorders
1482. Assessment
1483. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1484. Outcome Identification: NOC
1485. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1486. Manipulation
1487. Impulsiveness
1488. Self-Destructive Behavior
1489. Evaluation
1490. Nursing Process Clients With Cluster C (Anxious–Fearful) Personality Disorders
1491. Assessment
1492. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1493. Outcome Identification: NOC
1494. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1495. Impaired Social Interaction
1496. Chronic Low Self-Esteem
1497. Evaluation
1498. CASE MANAGEMENT
1499. COMMUNITY-BASED CARE
1500. HOME CARE
1501. References
1502. Unit 5 Vulnerable Populations
1503. 23 Clients at Risk for Suicide and Self-Destructive Behavior
1504. Learning Outcomes
1505. Key Terms
1506. Critical Thinking Challenge
1507. Self-Destructive Behavior
1508. Ethics and Suicide
1509. Meaning and Motivation in Suicide
1510. Biopsychosocial Theories
1511. Sociocultural Theory
1512. Age and Gender
1513. Alcohol and Substance Use
1514. Ethnicity
1515. Interpersonal and Intrapsychic Theory
1516. Biologic Theory
1517. Neurotransmitter Receptor Hypothesis
1518. Genetics
1519. Cognitive Theory
1520. Suicide Prevention
1521. Risk Factors and Protective Factors
1522. National Suicide Prevention Initiative
1523. Suicide Hotlines and Crisis Centers
1524. Nursing Self-Awareness
1525. Nursing Process The Suicidal or Self-Destructive Client
1526. Assessment
1527. Clues or Cries for Help
1528. Lethality Assessment
1529. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1530. Outcome Identification: NOC
1531. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1532. General Guidelines for Any Setting
1533. General Guidelines for the Emergency Department
1534. Suicide Precautions/Restrictive Status
1535. Monitoring Safety of the Therapeutic Environment
1536. Documenting Client Behavior and Treatment
1537. Working With Families
1538. Evaluation
1539. Case Management
1540. Community-Based Care
1541. Home Care
1542. Survivors of Suicide
1543. Family and Friends Who Are Survivors
1544. Child and Adolescent Survivors
1545. Cluster Suicide
1546. Staff Survivors of Client Suicide
1547. References
1548. 24 Intrafamily Violence: Physical and Sexual Abuse
1549. Learning Outcomes
1550. Key Terms
1551. Critical Thinking Challenge
1552. Intrafamily Violence: Physical Abuse
1553. Sibling Abuse
1554. Child Abuse
1555. Shaken Baby Syndrome
1556. Child Neglect
1557. Homicide of Child
1558. Homicide of Parent
1559. Partner Abuse—Heterosexual
1560. Partner Abuse—Homosexual
1561. Elder Abuse
1562. Emotional Abuse
1563. Abuse of Pregnant Women
1564. Stalking
1565. Cycle of Violence
1566. BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL THEORIES
1567. Neurobiologic Theory
1568. Intrapersonal Theory
1569. Social Learning Theory
1570. Gender Bias Theory
1571. Nursing Process Intrafamily Physical Abuse
1572. Assessment
1573. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1574. Outcome Identification: NOC
1575. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1576. Providing Psychoeducation
1577. Treating the Abuser
1578. Evaluation
1579. Case Management
1580. Community-Based Care
1581. Home Care
1582. Intrafamily Violence: Sexual Abuse
1583. Types of Offenders
1584. Juvenile Offenders
1585. Male Offenders
1586. Female Offenders
1587. Abusive Behavior Patterns
1588. Child Victims
1589. Adult Survivors
1590. Sexual Difficulties
1591. Self-Mutilation
1592. Memory of Sexual Abuse
1593. Biopsychosocial Theories
1594. Intrapersonal Theory
1595. Family Systems Theory
1596. Nursing Process Intrafamily Sexual Abuse
1597. Assessment
1598. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1599. Outcome Identification: NOC
1600. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1601. Working With Children
1602. Empowering Survivors
1603. Supporting Spiritual Recovery
1604. Increasing Self-Esteem
1605. Reducing Anxiety
1606. Facilitating Healing
1607. Evaluation
1608. Case Management
1609. Community-Based Care and Home Care
1610. References
1611. 25 Children
1612. Learning Outcomes
1613. Key Terms
1614. Critical Thinking Challenge
1615. Child Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing as a Specialty
1616. Developmental Disorders
1617. Intellectual Developmental Disorders
1618. Specific Developmental Disorders
1619. Learning Disorders
1620. Motor Skills Disorder
1621. Communication Disorders
1622. Autism Spectrum Disorders
1623. Autistic Disorder
1624. Rett’s Disorder
1625. Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
1626. Asperger’s Disorder
1627. Attention Deficit And Disruptive Behavior Disorders
1628. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
1629. Conduct Disorder
1630. Oppositional Defiant Disorder
1631. Feeding And Eating Disorders
1632. Pica
1633. Rumination Disorder
1634. Feeding Disorder of Infancy or Early Childhood
1635. Reactive Attachment Disorder of Infancy or Early Childhood
1636. Separation Anxiety Disorder
1637. Elimination Disorders
1638. Encopresis
1639. Enuresis
1640. Other Important Disorders of Infancy or Childhood
1641. Selective Mutism
1642. Stereotypic Movement Disorder
1643. Tic Disorders
1644. Tourette’s Disorder
1645. Chronic Versus Transient Tic Disorders
1646. Adult Disorders That May Begin In Childhood
1647. Anxiety Disorders
1648. Mood Disorders
1649. Schizophrenia
1650. Biopsychosocial Theories
1651. Psychodynamic Theory
1652. Attachment Theory
1653. Cognitive–Behavioral Theory
1654. Biologic Theory
1655. Neurobiologic Factors
1656. Nervous System Responsiveness
1657. Neuroendocrine Reactivity
1658. Genetic Predisposition
1659. Perinatal Complications
1660. Brain Structure and Function
1661. Multicausal Model
1662. Nursing Process Children
1663. Assessment
1664. Cultural and Developmental Context
1665. The History-Taking Interview
1666. Clinical Assessment of a Child
1667. Assessing Possible Maltreatment
1668. Assessing Suicide Risk
1669. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1670. Outcome Identification: NOC
1671. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1672. Therapeutic Approaches
1673. Psychopharmacology
1674. Responding to Suicide Risk
1675. Evaluation
1676. Nursing Self-Awareness
1677. Case Management
1678. Community-Based Care
1679. Home Care
1680. References
1681. 26 Adolescents
1682. Learning Outcomes
1683. Key Terms
1684. Critical Thinking Challenge
1685. Mental Disorders and Adolescents
1686. Biopsychosocial Theories
1687. Biologic Theory
1688. Neurobiology and Biochemistry
1689. Chronic Illness
1690. Psychopharmacology
1691. Developmental Theory
1692. Humanistic–Interactionist Theory
1693. The Role of the Nurse
1694. In Outpatient Settings
1695. Community Health Nurse
1696. Within the School
1697. Within Community-Based Care
1698. Within Social Programs
1699. Nurse Counselor/Therapist
1700. Individual Therapist
1701. Group Therapist
1702. Family Therapist
1703. In the Inpatient Setting
1704. Staff Nurse in a General Hospital Setting
1705. Consultant in a General Hospital Setting
1706. Staff Nurse or Advanced Practice Nurse in a Psychiatric Setting
1707. Milieu Therapist
1708. Nursing Process Adolescents
1709. Assessment
1710. Acting Out
1711. Communication
1712. Anger and Hostility
1713. Anxiety and Resistance
1714. Seduction and Manipulation of the Nurse
1715. Sexual Behavior of the Adolescent
1716. Dietary Problems and Eating Disorders
1717. Depression and Suicide
1718. Substance Use and Abuse
1719. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1720. Outcome Identification: NOC
1721. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1722. Prevention Plans
1723. Establishing a Contract With the Adolescent
1724. Moderating Anger and Hostility
1725. Moderate Testing and Setting Limits
1726. Reducing Scapegoating
1727. Reducing Bullying
1728. Managing Sexual Behaviors
1729. Reducing Substance Abuse
1730. Evaluation
1731. Case Management, Community-Based Care, and Home Care
1732. References
1733. 27 Elders
1734. Learning Outcomes
1735. Key Terms
1736. Critical Thinking Challenge
1737. Roadblocks to Mental Health Services for Elders
1738. Ageism
1739. Myths
1740. Stigma
1741. Health Care Financing
1742. Biopsychosocial Theories of Aging
1743. Biologic Theories
1744. Genetic Theory
1745. Wear-and-Tear Theory
1746. Immunology Theory
1747. Nutritional Theory
1748. Environmental Theory
1749. Psychosocial Theories
1750. Activity Theory
1751. Disengagement Theory
1752. Psychiatric Disorders in Elders
1753. Dementia
1754. Mood Disorders
1755. Depression in Elders
1756. Suicide Among Elders
1757. Schizophrenia
1758. Adjustment Disorders
1759. Anxiety Disorders
1760. Delusional Disorders
1761. Substance-Related Disorders
1762. Disorders of Arousal and Sleep
1763. Palliative and End-of-Life Issues with Mentally Ill Elders
1764. Precepts of Palliative Care
1765. Spirituality and End-of-Life Care
1766. Nursing Process Elders
1767. Assessment
1768. The Assessment Interview
1769. Biologic Assessment
1770. Cognitive Status
1771. Psychological/Emotional Status
1772. Strengths and Coping Strategies
1773. Sexuality
1774. Social and Financial Status
1775. Elder Abuse
1776. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1777. Major Depression
1778. Adjustment Disorder
1779. Anxiety Disorders
1780. Delusional Disorders
1781. Impaired Social Interaction
1782. Outcome Identification: NOC
1783. Improvement in Disturbed Thought Processes
1784. Renewed Hope and Self-Acceptance
1785. Resumption of Self-Care and Health Maintenance
1786. Appropriately Paced Activity, Rest, and Psychomotor Activity
1787. Pleasure in Eating and Normal Weight
1788. Decreased Preoccupation With Death and Dying
1789. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1790. Reminiscence Therapy and Life Review
1791. Reality Orientation
1792. Socialization Enhancement
1793. Animal-Assisted Therapy
1794. Exercise and Movement Therapy
1795. Support Groups
1796. Medication Administration
1797. Evaluation
1798. Case Management, Community-Based Care, and Home Care
1799. Restorative Care
1800. Community-Based Programs
1801. Resistance to Care
1802. References
1803. Unit 6 Intervention Strategies
1804. 28 Therapeutic Groups
1805. Learning Outcomes
1806. Key Terms
1807. Critical Thinking Challenge
1808. Small Group Dynamics
1809. Trust
1810. Self-Disclosure and Self-Awareness
1811. Relations Within the Group
1812. Cohesion
1813. Group Roles and Leadership
1814. Power and Influence
1815. Group Developmental Phases
1816. Forming
1817. Storming
1818. Norming
1819. Performing
1820. Terminating
1821. Group Development Theory
1822. Three Basic Interpersonal Needs
1823. Inclusion
1824. Control
1825. Affection
1826. Interpersonal Group Phases
1827. Inclusion Phase
1828. Control Phase
1829. Affection Phase
1830. Interweaving of Phases
1831. Group Therapy Theory
1832. Advantages of Group Therapy
1833. Qualifications of Group Therapists
1834. The Curative Factors
1835. Types of Group Leadership
1836. Single Therapist Approach
1837. Cotherapy Approach
1838. Junior–Senior Cotherapy
1839. Egalitarian Cotherapy
1840. Creating the Group
1841. Selecting Members
1842. Selection Interviews
1843. Group Contract
1844. Goals and Purposes
1845. Time, Length, and Frequency of Meetings
1846. Place of Meetings
1847. Starting and Ending Dates
1848. Addition of New Members
1849. Attendance
1850. Confidentiality
1851. Member Interaction Outside of the Group
1852. Participation of Members and Therapists
1853. Fees
1854. Stages in Therapy Group Development
1855. Here-and-Now Emphasis
1856. Steering the Group into the Here-and-Now
1857. Illuminating the Process
1858. Therapeutic Groups
1859. Mutual-Help Groups
1860. Psychoeducation Groups
1861. Medication Teaching Groups
1862. Social Skills Training Groups
1863. Groups of Medically Ill Clients and Their Families
1864. Activity Therapy Groups
1865. Poetry Therapy Groups
1866. Art Therapy Groups
1867. Music Therapy Groups
1868. Dance Therapy Groups
1869. Bibliotherapy Groups
1870. Storytelling Groups
1871. Community Client Groups
1872. Groups With Nurse Colleagues
1873. References
1874. 29 Family-Focused Interventions
1875. Learning Outcomes
1876. Key Terms
1877. Critical Thinking Challenge
1878. Nursing Self-Awareness
1879. Family Dynamics
1880. Family Structures
1881. Family Life Cycle
1882. Family Characteristics and Dynamics
1883. Family Roles
1884. Family Boundaries
1885. Power Structure
1886. Relationship Strains or Conflicts
1887. Relationship and Communication Intricacies in Families
1888. Self-Fulfilling Prophecy and Life Scripts
1889. Family Myths and Themes
1890. Family Coalitions
1891. Deviations in the Adult Partners’ Coalition
1892. Schism
1893. Skew
1894. Enmeshment
1895. Disengagement
1896. Pseudomutuality and Pseudohostility
1897. Family Assessment
1898. Demographic Information
1899. Medical and Mental Health History
1900. Family Interactional Data
1901. Family Burden
1902. What Families Want from Mental Health Professionals
1903. Family System Data
1904. Needs, Goals, Values, and Aspirations
1905. Family Genogram
1906. Cultural Family Genogram
1907. Spiritual Family Genogram
1908. Forensic Family Genogram
1909. Family Interventions
1910. Family Psychoeducation
1911. Referral to NAMI
1912. Family Therapy
1913. Forms of Family Therapy
1914. Qualifications of Family Therapists
1915. The Unit of Treatment
1916. Contract or Goal Negotiation
1917. Intervention
1918. Terminating Family Therapy
1919. References
1920. 30 Cognitive and Behavioral Interventions
1921. Learning Outcomes
1922. Key Terms
1923. Critical Thinking Challenge
1924. Cognitive Therapy
1925. Basic Concepts
1926. Attributions
1927. Modeling
1928. Self-Efficacy
1929. Cognitive Therapy Techniques
1930. Positive Imagery
1931. Mastery Imagery
1932. Negative Imagery
1933. Attribution Restructuring
1934. Behavior Therapy
1935. Classical Conditioning
1936. Operant Conditioning
1937. Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy
1938. Behavior Modification
1939. Response Prevention
1940. Systematic Desensitization
1941. Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy
1942. Thought Stopping
1943. Dialectical–Behavioral Therapy
1944. Cultural Aspects of Cognitive and Behavioral Interventions
1945. Nursing Process Behavioral Contracting
1946. Assessment
1947. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
1948. Outcome Identification: NOC
1949. Planning and Implementation: NIC
1950. Forming Practical and Measurable Objectives and Goals
1951. Negotiating a Behavioral Contract
1952. Providing Physiologic Support With Medications
1953. Evaluation
1954. Case Management
1955. Community-Based Care and Home Care
1956. References
1957. 31 Psychopharmacologic Nursing Interventions
1958. Learning Outcomes
1959. Key Terms
1960. Critical Thinking Challenge
1961. The Nursing Role in Psychopharmacology
1962. Assessing Clients
1963. Administering Medications
1964. Assessing, Documenting, and Evaluating the Effects of Medications
1965. Educating Clients and Families
1966. Addressing Individual Differences
1967. Evaluating the Teaching–Learning Process
1968. Ethical Concerns
1969. Children and Adolescents
1970. Elders
1971. Pharmaceutical Advertising
1972. Conflicts of Interest
1973. Right to Refuse Medications
1974. The Client’s Cultural Perspective
1975. Cultural Self-Awareness of Nurses
1976. Ethnicity and Metabolism of Psychiatric Medications
1977. Nursing Responsibilities with Antipsychotics
1978. Autonomic Nervous System Side Effects
1979. Constipation
1980. Orthostatic Hypotension
1981. Extrapyramidal Side Effects
1982. Acute Dystonic Reactions
1983. Parkinsonian Syndrome
1984. Akathisia
1985. Tardive Dyskinesia
1986. Prophylactic Treatment of EPSEs
1987. Assessment of EPSEs
1988. Sedation and Reduction of the Seizure Threshhold
1989. Allergic Effects
1990. Cardiac Effects
1991. Blood, Skin, and Eye Effects
1992. Endocrine Effects
1993. Weight Gain
1994. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
1995. Client and Family Education
1996. Nursing Responsibilities with Antidepressants
1997. Side Effects of TCAs
1998. Overdose Effects of TCAs
1999. Side Effects of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
2000. Side Effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
2001. Side Effects of Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
2002. Age-Related Considerations With Antidepressants
2003. Client and Family Education
2004. Nursing Responsibilities with Mood Stabilizers
2005. Lithium Carbonate
2006. Nursing Responsibilities with Anxiolytics
2007. Side Effects
2008. Client and Family Education
2009. Nursing Responsibilities with Medications for Dementia
2010. Nursing Responsibilities with Herbal Medicines
2011. Assessing Herbal Consumption
2012. Incompatibilities and Uncommon Medication Combinations
2013. Adherence Issues
2014. References
2015. 32 Recovery and Psychiatric Rehabilitation Strategies
2016. Learning Outcomes
2017. Key Terms
2018. Critical Thinking Challenge
2019. Readiness for Recovery
2020. Prochaska Transtheoretical Model for Change
2021. Realistic and Attainable Expectations of Change
2022. Psychiatric Disability
2023. People Who Are Seriously and Persistently Mentally Ill (SPMI)
2024. Natural Life History of a Disorder
2025. Stage of Susceptibility
2026. Stage of Presymptomatic Disorder
2027. Stage of Clinical Disorder
2028. Stage of Disability
2029. Community Support Programs for SPMI
2030. Case Management
2031. Support for Basic Needs
2032. Residential Services
2033. Medication Management
2034. Outpatient Treatment
2035. Crisis Stabilization
2036. General Health Care
2037. Vocational Programs
2038. Day Programs
2039. Family and Network Support
2040. Advocacy
2041. Psychiatric Rehabilitation
2042. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Philosophy
2043. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Centers/Clubhouses
2044. Supported Employment
2045. Social Skills Training
2046. High-Risk SPMI Clients
2047. Concurrent Substance-Related Disorders
2048. Homeless and Mentally Ill
2049. HIV
2050. Frequent Readmissions and Relapse
2051. Frequent Criminal Justice System Involvement
2052. Steps to Recovery
2053. Assessing Needs
2054. Planning for Rehabilitation and Recovery
2055. Spirituality
2056. Voluntary Community Activities
2057. Psychopharmacology and Recovery
2058. Implementing the Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan
2059. Evaluating the Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan
2060. References
2061. 33 Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Healing Practices
2062. Learning Outcomes
2063. Key Terms
2064. Critical Thinking Challenge
2065. Rediscovering Cam
2066. National Center for CAM
2067. Consumers of CAM
2068. Sociocultural Aspects
2069. Nursing Role in Cam
2070. Helping Clients Become Informed Health Consumers
2071. Safety and Effectiveness
2072. Practitioner Expertise
2073. Quality and Costs of Service Delivery
2074. Integrating CAM into a Treatment Plan
2075. Selecting Appropriate Clients
2076. Monitoring the Plan of Care
2077. Deep-Breathing and Relaxation Techniques
2078. Body Scanning to Assess Body Tension
2079. Enhancing Relaxation With Music
2080. Breathing Exercises
2081. Awareness of Breathing
2082. Deep Breathing
2083. 10-to-1 Count
2084. Alternate-Nostril Breathing
2085. Progressive Relaxation
2086. Active Progressive Relaxation
2087. Passive Progressive Relaxation
2088. Visualization and Imagery
2089. Visualization for Relaxation
2090. Visualization for Guidance
2091. Visualization for Symptom Control or Healing
2092. Hypnotherapy and Self-Hypnosis
2093. Meditation
2094. Effects of Meditation
2095. Steps in Meditating
2096. Medical Meditation
2097. Pressure Point Therapies
2098. Acupuncture
2099. Acupressure
2100. Touch and Biofield Therapies
2101. Massage
2102. Chiropractic
2103. Risks Associated With Chiropractic
2104. Nurse-Developed Biofield Therapies
2105. Herbals and Botanicals
2106. Biofeedback
2107. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
2108. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing
2109. References
2110. 34 Crisis Intervention
2111. Learning Outcomes
2112. Key Terms
2113. Critical Thinking Challenge
2114. Crisis as a Turning Point
2115. Common Characteristics of Crises
2116. Resilience, Risk Factors, and Balancing Factors
2117. Biopsychosocial Theories of Crisis
2118. Tyhurst’s Stages of Disaster
2119. Impact
2120. Recoil
2121. Posttrauma
2122. Caplan’s Stages of a Crisis Reaction
2123. Roberts’ Model of Crisis Intervention
2124. Types of Crises
2125. Situational Crisis
2126. Maturational Crisis
2127. Nursing Self-Awareness
2128. Nursing Process Clients in Crisis
2129. Assessment
2130. Individual Assessment
2131. Family Assessment
2132. Sociocultural Assessment
2133. Disaster Assessment
2134. Nursing Diagnosis: NANDA
2135. Outcome Identification: NOC
2136. Planning and Implementation: NIC
2137. Crisis Counseling
2138. Telephone Counseling
2139. Assisting With Environmental Changes
2140. Anticipatory Guidance
2141. Helping Develop Social Supports
2142. Critical Incident Stress Management
2143. Disaster Assistance
2144. Evaluation
2145. Case Management
2146. Community-Based Care
2147. Home Care
2148. Vicarious Traumatization
2149. References
2150. 35 Anger Management and Intervention in Psychiatric–Mental Health Settings
2151. Learning Outcomes
2152. Key Terms
2153. Critical Thinking Challenge
2154. An Open Letter to the Student
2155. Nursing Self-Awareness
2156. Biopsychosocial Theories
2157. Biologic Factors
2158. Genetic Theories
2159. Psychosocial Theories
2160. Behavioral Theories
2161. Humanistic Theories
2162. Nursing Process Clients Who Are Angry, Aggressive, or Violent
2163. Assessment
2164. Nursing Diagnosis (NANDA)
2165. Outcome Identification: NOC
2166. Planning and Implementation: NIC
2167. Therapeutic Relationship
2168. Milieu Management
2169. Staffing Patterns
2170. Limit Setting
2171. Pharmacologic Interventions
2172. Educating Clients
2173. De-Escalating Aggressive Behavior
2174. Restrictive Measures: Verbal Interventions
2175. Restrictive Measures: Seclusion and Restraint
2176. Professional Education
2177. Collegial Support
2178. Evaluation
2179. CASE MANAGEMENT
2180. COMMUNITY-BASED CARE
2181. HOME CARE
2182. References
2183. APPENDIX A DSM-IV-TR Classification
2184. Disorders Usually First Diagnosed In Infancy, Childhood, Or Adolescence
2185. Mental Retardation
2186. Learning Disorders
2187. Motor Skills Disorder
2188. Communication Disorders
2189. Pervasive Developmental Disorders
2190. Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders
2191. Feeding and Eating Disorders of Infancy or Early Childhood
2192. Tic Disorders
2193. Elimination Disorders
2194. Other Disorders of Infancy, Childhood, or Adolescence
2195. Delirium, Dementia, And Amnestic And Other Cognitive Disorders
2196. Delirium
2197. Dementia
2198. Amnestic Disorders
2199. Other Cognitive Disorders
2200. Mental Disorders due to a General Medical Condition not Elsewhere Classified
2201. Substance-Related Disorders
2202. Alcohol-Related Disorders
2203. Alcohol Use Disorders
2204. Alcohol-Induced Disorders
2205. Amphetamine (or Amphetamine-Like)–Related Disorders
2206. Amphetamine Use Disorders
2207. Amphetamine-Induced Disorders
2208. Caffeine-Related Disorders
2209. Caffeine-Induced Disorders
2210. Cannabis-Related Disorders
2211. Cannabis Use Disorders
2212. Cannabis-Induced Disorders
2213. Cocaine-Related Disorders
2214. Cocaine Use Disorders
2215. Cocaine-Induced Disorders
2216. Hallucinogen-Related Disorders
2217. Hallucinogen Use Disorders
2218. Hallucinogen-Induced Disorders
2219. Inhalant-Related Disorders
2220. Inhalant Use Disorders
2221. Inhalant-Induced Disorders
2222. Nicotine-Related Disorders
2223. Nicotine Use Disorder
2224. Nicotine-Induced Disorder
2225. Opioid-Related Disorders
2226. Opioid Use Disorders
2227. Opioid-Induced Disorders
2228. Phencyclidine (or Phencyclidine-Like)–Related Disorders
2229. Phencyclidine Use Disorders
2230. Phencyclidine-Induced Disorders
2231. Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders
2232. Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Use Disorders
2233. Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Induced Disorders
2234. Polysubstance-Related Disorder
2235. Other (or Unknown) Substance-Related Disorders
2236. Other (or Unknown) Substance Use Disorders
2237. Other (or Unknown) Substance-Induced Disorders
2238. Polysubstance-Related Disorder
2239. Other (or Unknown) Substance-Related Disorders
2240. Other (or Unknown) Substance Use Disorders
2241. Other (or Unknown) Substance-Induced Disorders
2242. Schizophrenia and other Psychotic Disorders
2243. Mood Disorders
2244. Depressive Disorders
2245. Bipolar Disorders
2246. Anxiety Disorders
2247. Somatoform Disorders
2248. Factitious Disorders
2249. Dissociative Disorders
2250. Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders
2251. Sexual Dysfunctions
2252. Sexual Desire Disorders
2253. Sexual Arousal Disorders
2254. Orgasmic Disorders
2255. Sexual Pain Disorders
2256. Sexual Dysfunction Due to a General Medical Condition
2257. Paraphilias
2258. Gender Identity Disorders
2259. Eating Disorders
2260. Sleep Disorders
2261. Primary Sleep Disorders
2262. Dyssomnias
2263. Parasomnias
2264. Sleep Disorders Related to Another Mental Disorder
2265. Other Sleep Disorders
2266. Impulse-Control Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified
2267. Adjustment Disorders
2268. Personality Disorders
2269. Other Conditions that may be a Focus of Clinical Attention
2270. Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Condition
2271. Medication-Induced Movement Disorders
2272. Other Medication-Induced Disorder
2273. Relational Problems
2274. Problems Related to Abuse or Neglect
2275. Additional Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention
2276. Additional Codes
2277. Multiaxial System
2278. Multiaxial Assessment
2279. Axis I: Clinical Disorders—Other Conditions That May Be A Focus Of Clinical Attention
2280. Axis II: Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation
2281. Axis III: General Medical Conditions
2282. Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems
2283. Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning
2284. Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale
2285. Index
2286. A
2287. B
2288. C
2289. D
2290. E
2291. F
2292. G
2293. H
2294. I
2295. J
2296. K
2297. L
2298. M
2299. N
2300. O
2301. P
2302. Q
2303. R
2304. S
2305. T
2306. U
2307. V
2308. W
2309. X
2310. Y
2311. Z
2312. Brief Contents
2313. Student Resources
2314. Instructor Resorces–Redefined!

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