Criminology A Sociological Understanding 7th Edition Barkan Test Bank

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Product details:

• ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0134548604
• ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0134548609
• Author: Steven E. Barkan

Criminology: A Sociological Understanding [RENTAL EDITION]

Table of contents:

1. Part 1 Understanding Crime and Victimization
2. 1 Criminology and the Sociological Perspective
3. Learning Objectives
4. Chapter Outline
5. The Sociological Perspective
6. Review and Discuss
7. The Mutual Relevance of Sociology and Criminology
8. Intersectionality
9. Review and Discuss
10. The Rise of Sociological Criminology
11. Crime, Deviance, and Criminal Law
12. Consensus and Conflict in the Creation of Criminal Law
13. Goals of Criminal Law
14. An Overview of Criminal Law
15. Legal Distinctions in Types of Crime
16. Criminal Intent
17. Legal Defenses to Criminal Liability
18. Accident or Mistake
19. Ignorance
20. Duress
21. Self-Defense
22. Entrapment
23. Insanity
24. Review and Discuss
25. Research Methods in Criminology
26. Surveys
27. Review and Discuss
28. Experiments
29. Qualitative Research: Observing and Intensive Interviewing
30. Research Using Existing Data
31. Comparative and Historical Research
32. Conclusion
33. Summary
34. Key Terms
35. What Would You Do?
36. 2 Public Opinion, the News Media, and the Crime Problem
37. Learning Objectives
38. Chapter Outline
39. A Brief Look Back
40. Public Opinion and Crime Policy
41. Review and Discuss
42. News Media Coverage of Crime and Criminal Justice
43. Overdramatization of Crime
44. Crime Waves
45. Overreporting of Crime (Violent)
46. Review and Discuss
47. Crime Myths
48. Racial and Ethnic Minorities
49. Youths
50. Virtuous Victims
51. Review and Discuss
52. Other Problems in Media Coverage
53. Effects of Media Coverage
54. Public Ignorance
55. Public Fear and Concern
56. Obscuring Underlying Forces
57. Diversion from White-Collar Crime
58. Racial and Ethnic Stereotyping
59. Review and Discuss
60. Research on Public Beliefs about Crime and Criminal Justice
61. Fear of Crime
62. Structural Factors
63. Individual Characteristics
64. Consequences of Fear
65. Review and Discuss
66. Seriousness of Crime
67. Punitiveness
68. The Death Penalty
69. Review and Discuss
70. Views about the Police
71. Perceptions of Criminal Injustice
72. Views about Criminal Justice Spending
73. A Final Word on Public Beliefs
74. Conclusion
75. Summary
76. Key Terms
77. What Would You Do?
78. 3 The Measurement and Patterning of Criminal Behavior
79. Learning Objectives
80. Chapter Outline
81. Measuring Crime
82. Uniform Crime Reports
83. How a Crime Becomes Official
84. Critique of UCR Data
85. Underestimation of the Amount of Crime
86. Diversion of Attention from White-Collar Crime
87. Misleading Data on the Characteristics of Arrestees
88. Citizens’ Reporting of Crime
89. Police Recording Practices and Scandals
90. Different Definitions of Crimes
91. School Reporting Practices
92. NIBRS and Calls to the Police
93. National Crime Victimization Survey
94. Evaluating NCVS Data
95. Self-Report Studies
96. Critique of Self-Report Studies
97. Evaluating UCR, NCVS, and Self-Report Data
98. Review and Discuss
99. Recent Trends in US Crime Rates
100. Patterning of Criminal Behavior
101. Geographical Patterns
102. International Comparisons
103. Review and Discuss
104. Comparisons Within the United States
105. Seasonal and Climatological Variations
106. Social Patterns of Criminal Behavior
107. Gender and Crime
108. Explaining Women’s Low Crime Rates
109. Are Girls and Women Becoming More Violent?
110. Review and Discuss
111. Race, Ethnicity, and Crime
112. Explaining African American Crime Rates
113. Latinos and Other Groups
114. Immigrants
115. Review and Discuss
116. Social Class and Crime
117. Review and Discuss
118. Age and Crime
119. Explaining the Age–Crime Relationship
120. Gender, Race, and Age Combined
121. Chronic Offenders and Criminal Careers
122. Conclusion
123. Summary
124. Key Terms
125. What Would You Do?
126. 4 Victims and Victimization
127. Learning Objectives
128. Chapter Outline
129. Defining Victims and Studying Victimization
130. Review and Discuss
131. The Patterning of Victimization
132. Geographical Patterns
133. Social Patterns
134. Gender, Race, and Ethnicity
135. Family Income
136. Age
137. Race, Gender, and Age Combined
138. Review and Discuss
139. Victim–Offender Relationship
140. Strangers Versus Nonstrangers
141. Intimate-Partner Violence
142. Perceived Race, Gender, and Age of Offenders
143. Review and Discuss
144. Crime Characteristics
145. Use of Alcohol and Other Drugs
146. Time and Place of Occurrence
147. Use of Weapons
148. Victim Self-Protection and Resistance
149. Explaining Victimization
150. Lifestyle and Routine Activities Theories
151. Deviant Lifestyles and Victimization
152. Review and Discuss
153. Physical Proximity and Victimization
154. Review and Discuss
155. Individual Traits
156. Low Self-Control and Lack of Social Relationships
157. Childhood Problems
158. Mental Disorder
159. Puberty
160. Repeat Victimization
161. Explaining Sociodemographic Variation in Victimization
162. Review and Discuss
163. Victimization of College Students and the Homeless
164. College Students
165. The Homeless
166. Costs and Consequences of Victimization
167. Economic and Medical Costs and Consequences
168. Psychological Consequences
169. Social and Behavioral Consequences
170. Review and Discuss
171. Victims in the Criminal Justice System
172. Victims and Criminal Case Outcomes
173. Victimization by White-Collar Crime
174. Conclusion
175. Summary
176. Key Terms
177. What Would You Do?
178. Part 2 Explaining Crime
179. 5 Classical and Neoclassical Perspectives
180. Learning Objectives
181. Chapter Outline
182. Understanding Theories of Crime
183. From Theology to Science
184. God and Demons as Causes of Crime and Deviance
185. The Age of Reason
186. The Classical School of Criminology
187. Review and Discuss
188. The Rise of Positivism
189. Neoclassical Perspectives
190. Rational Choice Theory
191. Evaluating Rational Choice Theory
192. Deterrence Theory
193. Types of Deterrence
194. Taking a Closer Look at Deterrence
195. Research on Deterrence
196. Routine Activities Theory
197. Evaluating Routine Activities Theory
198. Theory and Policy
199. Conclusion
200. Summary
201. Key Terms
202. What Would You Do?
203. 6 Biological and Psychological Explanations
204. Learning Objectives
205. Chapter Outline
206. Biological Explanations
207. Nineteenth-Century Views
208. Phrenology
209. Cesare Lombroso: Atavism
210. Lombroso on Women
211. Early Twentieth-Century Views
212. Earnest Hooton: Biological Inferiority
213. William Sheldon: Body Shapes
214. Contemporary Explanations
215. Family, Heredity, and Genes
216. Early Research
217. Twin Studies
218. Adoption Studies
219. Molecular Genetics
220. Evolutionary Biology
221. Chromosomal Abnormalities
222. Brain Abnormalities
223. Neurochemical Factors
224. Hormones: Testosterone and Male Criminality
225. Hormones: PMS and Crime by Women
226. Neurotransmitters
227. Nutrition and Diet
228. Pregnancy and Birth Complications
229. Early Puberty
230. Evaluation of Biological Explanations
231. Review and Discuss
232. Psychological Explanations
233. Psychoanalytic Explanations
234. Moral Development and Crime
235. Intelligence and Crime
236. Race, IQ, and Crime
237. Review and Discuss
238. Personality and Crime
239. Evaluation of Psychological Explanations
240. Abnormality or Normality?
241. Theory and Policy
242. Review and Discuss
243. Conclusion
244. Summary
245. Key Terms
246. What Would You Do?
247. 7 Sociological Theories: Emphasis on Social Structure
248. Learning Objectives
249. Chapter Outline
250. The Legacy of Durkheim
251. Review and Discuss
252. Social Disorganization and Social Ecology
253. Clifford R. Shaw and Henry D. Mckay
254. Critiques of Social Disorganization Theory
255. The Revival of Social Disorganization Theory
256. Other Ecological Work
257. Extreme Poverty and Crime
258. Kinds of Places Versus Kinds of People
259. Review and Discuss
260. Anomie and Strain Theory
261. Evaluation of Anomie Theory
262. Defense and Extension of Anomie Theory
263. General Strain Theory
264. Review and Discuss
265. Subcultural Theories
266. Albert K. Cohen: School Failure and Delinquent Subcultures
267. Evaluation of Cohen’s Status Frustration Theory
268. Walter B. Miller: Focal Concerns
269. Evaluation of Miller’s View

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