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Chapter 2 When Worlds Collide, 1492–1590
Multiple Choice
1) Chief Wingina saw the early Roanoke colonists as:
A) potential allies to increase his power.
B) certain military enemies.
C) protectors of the Grand Banks from the Iroquois.
D) useful trading partners.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 26
Topic: American Communities
Skill: Factual
2) The encounter between English colonists and Native Americans at Roanoke suggest that the
English and Natives:
A) easily understood each others’ viewpoints.
B) had very different concepts of community.
C) shared ideas about property and possessions.
D) were completely unable to communicate with each other.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 26
Topic: American Communities
Skill: Conceptual
3) John White and Thomas Harriot believed that an English colony in Virginia should be based
on:
A) ruthless military conquest.
B) enslavement of the Indians.
C) mutual understanding and cooperation.
D) wiping out the Indians to create living space for Europeans.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 26
Topic: American Communities
Skill: Conceptual
4) A primary cause of the tripling of Western Europe’s population between the eleventh and
fourteenth centuries was:
A) the absence of any extended periods of warfare during those centuries.
B) the improved quality of life that resulted from contact with civilization to the East.
C) migration from the Orient.
D) greatly increased agricultural productivity and the increased food supply that resulted.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 27
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
22
5) Many new technologies and most of Europe’s trade with Asia in the late Middle Ages came to
Europe through:
A) Italian trading cities such as Venice and Genoa.
B) long distance sea voyages by English merchants.
C) African middlemen.
D) Chinese merchants sailing across the Indian Ocean.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 27
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
6) The Renaissance was sparked by:
A) a revival of interest in classical antiquity and its culture.
B) increased contact with Chinese culture.
C) new and unique ideas in European culture.
D) a rejection of human-centered life.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 28
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
7) The “New Monarchies” of the 14th and 15th centuries grew out of an alliance between the
monarchs and:
A) the landed nobility.
B) the peasantry.
C) merchants.
D) the Church.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 28
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
8) The first European nation to send out voyages of exploration down the coast of Africa was:
A) Spain.
B) England.
C) France.
D) Portugal.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 28
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
23
9) Which one of the following was NOT a reason that Spanish monarchs Isabel and Ferdinand
were more willing than other monarchs to buy Columbus’ plan?
A) They were interested in opening trade routes to Asia.
B) They had completed the Reconquista and were looking for new conquests.
C) They wanted to plant Spanish communities in America.
D) They witnessed the success of the Portuguese ventures.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 30
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Conceptual
10) Columbus’ claims about what he would reach by sailing west across the Atlantic:
A) were almost completely wrong.
B) proved mainly correct.
C) were widely accepted by royal advisors across Europe.
D) were based on previous Spanish and English western voyages.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 30
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Conceptual
11) The dominant people in the Mexican highlands in 1519 were the:
A) Toltec.
B) Mixtec.
C) Olmec.
D) Aztec.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 31
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
12) A principal cause of the Spanish success in conquering the Aztecs in the early sixteenth
century was:
A) the superiority of Spanish arms.
B) the Spaniards’ ability to take advantage of native peoples’ hostility to Aztec rule.
C) the absence of an Aztec military “bureaucracy” which could launch a counterattack.
D) the military genius of Hernando Cortes.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 31
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
24
13) Bartolomé de las Casas was incorrect in arguing that:
A) most Indian deaths were from war with the Spanish.
B) European diseases had little effect on Indians.
C) Spain was to blame for the deaths of millions of Indians.
D) Indians welcomed and benefited from Spanish rule.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 32–33
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Conceptual
14) The Spanish “secret weapon” in the conquest of the Aztecs and Inca was:
A) virgin soil epidemics.
B) steel swords.
C) war dogs.
D) horses.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 33
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
15) The smallpox epidemic that began in the New World in 1518 followed which pattern?
A) Spain to the Caribbean to Mexico to the Andes
B) Mexico to the Andes to the Caribbean to Spain
C) Spain to the Andes
D) Spain to Mexico via the Andes
Answer: A
Page Ref: 33
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Conceptual
16) Which European element of the Columbian Exchange had the greatest long term impact on
the Americas?
A) old world foodstuffs
B) sugar
C) tobacco
D) domesticated animals and livestock
Answer: D
Page Ref: 35
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
25
17) Between 1500 and 1600, what was the most valuable American export to Europe?
A) sugar
B) tobacco
C) silver
D) spices
Answer: C
Page Ref: 34
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
18) An important consequence of Coronado’s expedition was that:
A) Spain established agricultural settlements in the Southwest.
B) Spanish cattle herders settled in Colorado.
C) Spain lost interest in settling the Southwest for fifty years.
D) poor Spanish peasants were encouraged to settle in the Southwest.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 37
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
19) One hundred years after Columbus’ first voyage to the “New World,” the majority of the
population of Spanish America was:
A) white European.
B) Native American.
C) African.
D) of mixed race.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 37
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
20) The multiracial Spanish colonial society is best described as a frontier of:
A) inclusion.
B) exclusion.
C) equal opportunity.
D) dispersion.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 37
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Conceptual
26
21) St. Augustine and Fort Caroline represent a collision of these two forces in Florida.
A) Spanish and Timucuan
B) French and Spanish
C) English and Spanish
D) French and Timucuan
Answer: B
Page Ref: 40
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
22) Beginning with the entrance of French fisherman into the North Atlantic, relationships
among the French and the Indians were based on:
A) trade.
B) missionary work.
C) common culture.
D) hostility.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
23) Which one of the following is NOT true of the effects of French trade on Indian communities
in the St. Lawrence Valley?
A) Indians became dependent on European goods
B) intertribal rivalry increased
C) epidemic diseases broke out among native populations
D) Indians profited more than the French
Answer: D
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
24) One of the major reasons for social change and the disruption of the English economy in the
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries was the:
A) enclosing of common pastureland.
B) appearance of a Catholic king on the English throne.
C) impact of the Reformation.
D) deflationary monetary cycle.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 40–42
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
27
25) England’s first ventures into the New World were motivated by rivalry with and fear of:
A) France.
B) Portugal.
C) Spain.
D) Holland.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 42
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
26) The most important legacy of the Roanoke expedition was:
A) written and pictoral accounts of the area and the Indian peoples there.
B) the permanent military beachhead left there.
C) the mutually beneficial contacts with the area natives.
D) the discovery of the tobacco plant.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 41
Topic: A Watercolor from the First Algonquian-English Encounter
Skill: Factual
27) The Spanish monopoly of the New World was broken with:
A) Vasco da Gama’s voyages.
B) the French successfully seizing Louisiana in 1564.
C) the French defeat of the Spanish at St. Augustine in 1607.
D) the English defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 43
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
28) The Protestant Reformation was initially sparked by:
A) Martin Luther.
B) John Knox.
C) John Calvin.
D) Henry VIII.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 39
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
28
29) Which one of the following was NOT introduced in Europe from Asia?
A) spices
B) compass
C) gunpowder
D) iron plow
Answer: D
Page Ref: 27
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
30) The Reconquista was a struggle between Spanish Christians and:
A) Spanish Moslems.
B) Spanish Jews.
C) English invaders.
D) Spanish Africans.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 30
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
31) Columbus and Raleigh had in common a vision of:
A) colonial community.
B) a powerful personal empire.
C) imperial commercial conquest.
D) Christian mission.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 26, 30
Topic: American Communities and The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Conceptual
32) Which one of the following explains the majority of decline in the Indian population in the
Americas?
A) warfare
B) declining birthrate
C) famine
D) new diseases
Answer: D
Page Ref: 33
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
29
33) One hundred years after Columbus, the nation whose interest in the new world enraged King
Philip II was
A) England.
B) France.
C) Sweden.
D) Portugal.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 43
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
34) Which one of the following was the RESULT of the other three?
A) Philip II sends the Armada against England.
B) Henry VIII breaks with the Catholic Church.
C) Elizabeth I takes a moderate approach to religion.
D) Francis Drake attacks the Spanish town of Cadiz.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 42
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Conceptual
35) In De Soto’s exploration of the South in North America, he failed to find another Aztec
empire. The peoples he did find were:
A) Pueblo.
B) Micmacs.
C) Iroquois.
D) Mississippian.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 37
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
36) “New Monarchies” developed in Europe:
A) in response to the Reformation.
B) in the 14th and 15th centuries.
C) during the Crusades.
D) to limit the influence of the merchant class.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 28
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Conceptual
30
37) Columbus established the first European colony in the Americas in:
A) Hispaniola.
B) Cuba.
C) Mexico.
D) Florida.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 30
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
38) Cartier was to the French and ________ as Cabot was to the English and ________.
A) St. Augustine; Virginia
B) Cape Fear; Florida
C) St. Lawrence; Newfoundland
D) Ft. Caroline; Maine
Answer: C
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Conceptual
39) Before colonizing the Americas, England sent soldiers and colonists to subdue:
A) Ireland.
B) North Africa.
C) Portugal.
D) India.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 42
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
40) Which one of the following has the LEAST in common with the other four?
A) Santo Domingo
B) Mexico City
C) Havana
D) Cibola
Answer: D
Page Ref: 35–36
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Conceptual
31
41) Which of these events happened first?
A) Ponce de Leon lands in Florida.
B) Raleigh’s colony is established on Roanoke Island.
C) Cartier explores the St. Lawrence.
D) John Cabot explores Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 38
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
42) Before 1492, Western Europe was:
A) officially Roman Catholic.
B) officially Protestant.
C) tolerant of many different religions.
D) indifferent to religion.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 27
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
43) Under the encomienda system, Spanish landlords used the labor of:
A) Indian slaves.
B) African slaves.
C) Spanish peasants.
D) paid Indian workers.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 31
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
44) These European events affected New World events. Which choice below gives the correct
chronological order of these events?
(1) Start of the Renaissance
(2) Reign of Elizabeth I of England
(3) Martin Luther breaks with the Church
(4) Black Death
A) 2, 3, 1, 4
B) 4, 3, 2, 1
C) 4, 1, 3, 2
D) 1, 4, 2, 3
Answer: C
Page Ref: 27, 28, 39, 42
Topic: The Expansion of Europe, The Spanish in the Americas, Northern Explorations and
Encounters
Skill: Factual
32
45) St. Augustine is the oldest continuously occupied European city in North America dating
from:
A) 1516.
B) 1565.
C) 1583.
D) 1588.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 40
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Factual
46) In 1488, Vasco da Gama:
A) discovered South America.
B) rounded the southern tip of Africa.
C) reached China by water.
D) won the last battle of the Reconquista.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 29
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
47) The fifteenth century Western European nations active in overseas exploration shared a/an:
A) weak economy.
B) weak monarchial system.
C) Protestant outlook.
D) Atlantic coastline.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 27–29
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Conceptual
48) Which one of the following was NOT a crop exchanged from the New World to the Old?
A) corn
B) potatoes
C) wheat
D) tobacco
Answer: C
Page Ref: 34
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
33
49) De Soto’s disastrous expedition into the North American interior was concentrated in the:
A) southwest.
B) St. Lawrence Valley.
C) south.
D) California coastal area.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 37
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
50) Which choice below gives the correct chronological order of these events?
(1) English defeat Armada
(2) Días sails around Africa
(3) Luther breaks with Church
(4) St. Augustine is founded
A) 3, 4, 1, 2
B) 2, 3, 4, 1
C) 3, 2, 1, 4
D) 1, 2, 4, 3
Answer: B
Page Ref: 29, 39, 40, 43
Topic: The Expansion of Europe, The Spanish in the Americas, Northern Explorations and
Encounters
Skill: Factual
51) By increasing the range of available food crops, in the long term, the Columbian Exchange
was beneficial to:
A) the Americas.
B) Europe.
C) Africa.
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Page Ref: 34
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
52) By 1590, John White returns to find this colony gone.
A) Ft. Caroline
B) St. Augustine
C) Santo Domingo
D) Roanoke
Answer: D
Page Ref: 26
Topic: American Communities
Skill: Factual
34
53) Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of Western European countries that
launched voyages of exploration?
A) unified realms
B) standing armies and navies
C) extensive Atlantic coastline
D) little affected by the Reformation
Answer: D
Page Ref: 28
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Factual
54) Which one of the following European countries had NOT invaded the Atlantic coastline of
North America in the 16th and 17th centuries?
A) England
B) Spain
C) France
D) Russia
Answer: D
Page Ref: 32
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
55) The Spanish explorations into the South and Southwest of North America in the 1530s–
1540s were led by:
A) Cortes and Pizarro.
B) De Soto and Coronado.
C) De Leon and De Narvaez.
D) Ribault and Avlies.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 37
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Factual
Essay
56) How did English economic and social conditions in the 16th century affect English
expansion?
Topic: Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Conceptual
57) What Protestant ideas seemed to encourage economic growth?
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Conceptual
58) Why were so many of the earlier explorers from southern European areas like Portugal,
Spain, and Italy?
Topic: The Expansion of Europe
Skill: Conceptual
35
59) Using Manteo and Wanchese as your examples, illustrate Native American reaction to the
English.
Topic: American Communities
Skill: Conceptual
60) The Spanish may have failed to find spices in Asia, but they were more than compensated by
the discovery of other crops. List and discuss which crops were valuable to trade.
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Conceptual
61) Briefly summarize the views of Bartolomé de Las Casas in his Destruction of the Indies. Did
they change Spanish imperial policy?
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Conceptual
62) What were the main elements of the Columbian Exchange between the New and Old
Worlds? What were the benefits of this exchange for each region? What were its most negative
effects?
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Conceptual
63) Discuss the implications of the chapter title “When Worlds Collide” using the viewpoints of
various European and Indian leaders detailed in the chapter.
Topic: Chapter-wide
Skill: Conceptual
64) Describe and evaluate the effects of the collision of New World and Old on the Indian
communities.
Topic: The Spanish in the Americas
Skill: Conceptual
65) Compare the colonies of Fort Caroline and Roanoke in terms of motive, establishment, and
outcome.
Topic: American Communities, Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Conceptual
66) Trace the fate of Roanoke and discuss the text authors’ use of it as an example of community
vision. Compare Harriot and White to Raleigh in terms of their aims and motives.
Topic: American Communities
Skill: Conceptual
67) Trace the changes in Europe that account for the differing response of European adventurers
and countries to Columbus’s discoveries.
Topic: The Expansion of Europe, Northern Explorations and Encounters
Skill: Conceptual
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