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Test Bank for Positive Psychology 4th Edition Lopez

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This is completed downloadable of Test Bank for Positive Psychology 4th Edition Lopez

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ISBN-13: 978-1506357355

Author: Shane J. Lopez (Author), Jennifer Teramoto Pedrotti (Author), Charles Richard Snyder (Author)

Positive Psychology: The Scientific and Practical Explorations of Human Strengths comprehensively covers the science and application of positive psychology. The book brings positive psychology to life by illustrating issues such as how psychological strength can help increase positive outcomes in school and the workplace and promote cooperative relationships among people. Furthermore, the book encourages readers to engage with concepts in order to understand positive emotions and strengths, such as empathy, altruism, gratitude, attachment, and love. Over 50 case studies grounded in practice, research, and the authors’ teaching experience reveal how positive psychological phenomena operate in the lives of real people. The Fourth Edition continues to integrate cultural context in every chapter to reflect the diversity in today’s world.

Table of Content:

Part I Looking At Psychology from a Positive Perspective
Chapter 1 Welcome to Positive Psychology
Building Human Strength: Psychology’s Forgotten Mission
Going From the Negative to the Positive
A Positive Newspaper Story
Reactions to This Positive Story
Positive Psychology Seeks a Balanced, More Complete View of Human Functioning
Views of Reality That Include Both the Positive and the Negative
Where We Are Now and What We Will Ask
Personal Mini-Experiments: What You Want to Experience
A Guide to This Book
Personal Mini-Experiments
Life Enhancement Strategies
The Big Picture
Appendix: Movies for Review
Key Terms
Chapter 2 Eastern and Western Perspectives on Positive Psychology: How “ME + WE = US” Might Bridge the Gap
A Matter of Perspective
Historical and Philosophical Traditions
Western Influences: Athenian, Judeo-Christian, Islamic, and Anishinaabe Traditions
Athenian Views
Judeo-Christianity
Islam
Anishinaabe Teachings
Eastern Influences: Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and Hinduism
Confucianism
Taoism
Buddhism
Hinduism
Summary of Eastern and Western Philosophies
East Meets West
Individualism: The Psychology of ME
A Brief History of American Individualism
Emphases in Individualism
Collectivism: The Psychology of WE
A Historical Comment on Collectivism: We Came Together Out of Necessity
Emphases in Collectivism
Demographics Related to Collectivism
The Stories We Tell
Orientation to Time
Thought Processes
East and West: Is One Best?
Personal Mini-Experiments: Getting and Giving Help
Different Ways to Positive Outcomes
“The Rugged Individualist” and the Construct of Hope
The Need for Uniqueness
Eastern Values: Compassion and Harmony
Where We Are Going: From ME to WE to US
ME/WE Balance: The Positive Psychology of US
Both the Individualistic and the Collectivistic Perspectives Are Viable
Thinking About Your Own Life
Suggestions for ME People (Individualists)
Suggestions for WE People (Collectivists)
Final Thoughts
Appendix: The Need for Uniqueness Scale
Key Terms
Chapter 3 Classifications and Measures of Strengths and Positive Outcomes
Classifications and Measures of Strengths
Gallup’s Clifton StrengthsFinder
The VIA Classification of Strengths
The Search Institute’s 40 Developmental Assets
Distinguishing Among the Measures of Psychological Strength
Issues of Equivalence in Using Measures of Psychological Strength
Identifying Your Personal Strengths
Personal Mini-Experiments: Discovering and Capitalizing on Your Strengths
The Case of Shane
Positive Outcomes for All
Dimensions of Well-Being
Toward a Better Understanding of Positive Outcomes
Identifying Strengths and Moving Toward a Vital Balance
Note
Key Terms
Part II Positive Psychology in Context
Chapter 4 The Role of Culture in Developing Strengths and Living Well
Culture and Psychology
Main Message: Culture Counts
Understanding Culture: A Matter of Perspective
Positive Psychology: Culture Is Everywhere
Culturally Embedded Positive Psychology Research and Practice
Personal Mini-Experiments: Culturally Embedded Daily Practice
Situating Positive Psychology
Putting Positive Psychology in a Cultural Context
Examining the Equivalence of the “Positives” to Determine What Works
Determining the Foundations of the Good Life
Using Caution in Measuring “Universal” Strengths
The Wise Man of the Gulf
Multicultural Mindset as a Strength
Final Thoughts on the Complexity of Cultural Influences
Key Terms
Chapter 5 Living Well at Every Stage of Life
Resilience in Childhood
The Case of Jackson
What Is Resilience?
The Roots of Resilience Research
Resilience Resources
An Excerpt From Finding Strength: How To Overcome Anything
Positive Youth Development
What Is Positive Youth Development?
Positive Youth Development Programs That Work
The Life Tasks of Adulthood
The Trajectories of Precocious Children
What Are the Primary Tasks of Adulthood?
The Case of Keyonna
Successful Aging
What Is Successful Aging?
The Case of Tony
The MacArthur Foundation Study of Successful Aging
The Adult Development Study
One Man’s View of Aging
Personal Mini-Experiments: Finding Amazing People of All Ages
A More Developmental Focus in Positive Psychology
Key Terms
Part III Positive Emotional States and Processes
Chapter 6 The Principles of Pleasure: Understanding Positive Affect, Positive Emotions, Happiness, and Well-Being
Defining Emotional Terms
Affect
Emotion
Happiness
Subjective Well-Being
Distinguishing the Positive and the Negative
The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule
Positive Emotions: Expanding the Repertoire of Pleasure
Personal Mini-Experiments: In Search of Joy and Lasting Happiness
Positive Emotion Styles Linked to the Common Cold
Happiness and Subjective Well-Being: Living a Pleasurable Life
Age-Old Definitions of Happiness
Subjective Well-Being as a Synonym for Happiness
The Satisfaction With Life Scale
Determinants of Subjective Well-Being
Happiness + Meaning = Well-Being
Twenty-First-Century Definitions of Happiness
Excerpts From Authentic Happiness
Happiest American is Still Hawaiian, Jewish And Chill
Complete Mental Health: Emotional, Social, and Psychological Well-Being
Increasing Happiness in Your Life
Moving Toward the Positive
Life Enhancement Strategies
Key Terms
Chapter 7 Making the Most of Emotional Experiences: Emotion-Focused Coping, Emotional Intelligence, Socioemotional Selectivity, and Emotional Storytelling
Emotion-Focused Coping: Discovering the Adaptive Potential of Emotional Approach
The Case of a Hurricane Survivor
Emotional Intelligence: Learning the Skills That Make a Difference
Who Is Emotionally Intelligent—And Does It Matter?
Socioemotional Selectivity: Focusing in Later Life on Positive Emotions and Emotion-Related Goals
Emotional Storytelling: The Pennebaker Paradigm as a Means of Processing Intense Negative Emotions
Emotional Storytelling After a Traumatic Event
Emotions and Context
Working With Emotions to Bring About Positive Change
Personal Mini-Experiments: Making the Most of Emotions in Everyday Life
An Emotional Balancing Act
Life Enhancement Strategies
Key Terms
Part IV Positive Cognitive States and Processes
Chapter 8 Seeing our Futures Through Self-Efficacy, Optimism, and Hope
Fascination With the Future
Being Busy Not an End in Itself
Self-Efficacy
I Think I Can, I Think I Can …
A Definition
Childhood Antecedents: Where Does Self-Efficacy Come From?
Cultural Context and Self-Efficacy
The Neurobiology of Self-Efficacy
Scales: Can Self-Efficacy Be Measured?
Self-Efficacy’s Influence in Life Arenas
The Latest Frontier: Collective Self-Efficacy
Changing Behavior Through TV Heroes
Optimism
Learned Optimism—Seligman and Colleagues
The CAVE and Predicting Baseball Outcomes
Optimism—Scheier and Carver
Hope
A Definition
Childhood Antecedents of Hope
The Neurobiology of Hope
Scales: Can Hope Be Measured?
What Hope Predicts
The Latest Frontier—Collective Hope
Hope in Our Current Times
Life Enhancement Strategies
Putting Temporal Futures in Perspective
Personal Mini-Experiments: Balancing Your Perspective on Time
Cultural Caveats About Temporal Perspective
Appendix A: A Summary of Hope Theories
Appendix B: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory Items
Note
Key Terms
Chapter 9 Wisdom and Courage: Characteristics of the Wise and the Brave
Wisdom and Courage: Two of a Kind
Wisdom Difficult to Define, Attain
Theories of Wisdom
Implicit Theories of Wisdom
Explicit Theories of Wisdom
Becoming and Being Wise
Developing Wisdom
Wise People and Their Characteristics
The Measurement of Wisdom
Benefits of Wisdom
The Neurobiology of Wisdom
Future Study of Wisdom
Theories of Courage
Implicit Theories of Courage
Malala Yousafzai’s Courage The New York Times
Amputee a Driving Force in Getting People With Disabilities Moving
Becoming and Being Courageous
U.S. Senator John McCain’s View on Strengthening Courage—April 2004
Courage Research
The Measurement of Courage
Relationships Between Fear and Courage
Neurological Factors in Courage
Benefits of Courage
Courage and Culture
Finding Wisdom and Courage in Daily Life
Can Courage Be Learned?
Personal Mini-Experiments: In Search of the Wisdom and Courage of Everyday People … Including Yourself
Life Enhancement Strategies
The Value of Wisdom and Courage
Key Terms
Chapter 10 Mindfulness, Flow, and Spirituality: In Search of Optimal Experiences
Moment-to-Moment Searches
Mindfulness: In Search of Novelty
Mindfulness as a State of Mind
Living With Mindfulness: The Women’s Heart Foundation
The Benefits of Mindfulness
Neurological Findings With Mindfulness
Cultivating Mindfulness
Flow: In Search of Absorption
Personal Mini-Experiments: In Search of Optimal Experiences
The Flow State
The Autotelic Personality
Cultural Comparisons and Considerations in the Flow Experience
Neurological Research on Flow
Fostering Flow and Its Benefits
New Areas of Investigation Involving Flow: Gaming and Internet Use
Life Enhancement Strategies
Spirituality: In Search of the Sacred
The True Benefits of Spirituality?
Spirituality and Cultural Context
The Search Continues
Key Terms
Part V Prosocial Behavior
Chapter 11 Empathy and Egotism: Portals to Altruism and Gratitude
Altruism
Defining Altruism
The Egotism Motive
Forms of Egotism-Motivated Altruism
The Empathy Motive and the Empathy–Altruism Hypothesis
Correlates of Altruism
Genetic and Neural Foundations Related to Altruism Empathy
Cultural Variations in Altruism
Cultivating Altruism
Personal Mini-Experiments: Exercises in Altruism and Gratitude
Measuring Altruism
Future Directions
Gratitude
Defining Gratitude
Correlates of Gratitude
Cultural Variations in Gratitude
Cultivating Gratitude
Thanking Your Heroes
Measuring Gratitude
The Psychophysiological Underpinnings of Gratitude
The Societal Implications of Altruism and Gratitude
Empathy/Egotism and Altruism
Empathy/Egotism and Gratitude
Life Enhancement Strategies
“I Have a Dream”: Toward a Kinder, Gentler Humankind
Appendix A: The Helping Attitude Scale
Appendix B: The Gratitude Questionnaire—Six Items From GQ-6
Key Terms
Chapter 12 Attachment, Love, Flourishing Relationships, and Forgiveness
Infant Attachment
Personal Mini-Experiments: In Search of Love and Flourishing Relationships
Adult Attachment Security
Love
Passionate and Companionate Aspects of Romantic Love
The Triangular Theory of Love
The Self-Expansion Theory of Romantic Love
Flourishing Relationships: A Series of Purposeful Positive Relationship Behaviors
Building a Mindful Relationship Connection
Life Enhancement Strategies
Creating a Culture of Appreciation
A Lot of Love in the Lovemaking: Avoiding Chaos, Relationshipwise
Capitalizing on Positive Events
Praise: Encouraging Signs
The Neurobiology of Interpersonal Connection
More on Flourishing Relationships
Future of Love
When Loves Ends
Forgiveness
Defining Forgiveness
Individual and Cultural Variations in Forgiveness
Cultivating Forgiveness
Measuring Forgiveness
The Evolutionary and Neurobiological Bases of Forgiveness
Physical Health and Forgiveness
Attachment, Love, and Forgiveness: Building a Positive Psychology of Close Relationships
Appendix A: The Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS)
Appendix B: The Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations Scale (TRIM)
Key Terms
Part VI Understanding And Changing Human Behavior
Chapter 13 Balanced Conceptualizations of Mental Health and Behavior
Moving Toward Balanced Conceptualizations
Our Fascination With Abnormal Behavior
Neglect of the Environment and of the Positive
Asking Questions: The Four-Front Approach
The Case of Michael
The Lack of a Developmental Emphasis
Normalizing Negative and Positive Behavior
The Case of Michael
Difficulties Understanding Behavior in a Cultural Context
Determining How “Culture Counts”
The Case of Michael
The Limits of the Categorical Diagnostic System
Considering New Personality Dimensions
The Case of Michael
Going Beyond the DSM-5 Framework
Attending to All Behavior
Key Terms
Chapter 14 Preventing the Bad and Promoting the Good
In the Words of a Psychotherapy Client …
Primary Prevention: “Stop the Bad Before It Happens”
Is Primary Prevention Effective?
Components of Effective Primary Preventions
Head Start: An Example of Primary Prevention
Primary Preventions for Children
Primary Preventions for the Elderly
Caveats About Primary Preventions
Secondary Prevention (Psychotherapy): “Fix the Problem”
Is Secondary Prevention Effective?
Common Components of Secondary Preventions
Secondary Prevention Programs for Adults
Secondary Preventions for Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Secondary Preventions for Children
Secondary Preventions for the Elderly
A Caveat About Secondary Preventions
Primary Enhancement: “Make Life Good”
Primary Enhancement: Psychological Health
Primary Enhancement: Physical Health
A Caveat About Primary Enhancement
Secondary Enhancement: “Make Life the Best Possible”
Secondary Enhancement: Psychological Health
Personal Mini-Experiments: Enhancing Your Daily Life
Secondary Enhancement: Physical Health
Caveats About Secondary Enhancement
The Balance of Prevention and Enhancement Systems
Appendix A: Effective Secondary Preventions (Psychotherapies) for Adult Problems
Appendix B: Hope Therapy Worksheet
Key Terms
Part VII Positive Environments
Chapter 15 Positive Schooling and Good Work: The Psychology of Gainful Employment and the Education That Gets Us There
Positive Schooling
“Teachers Can’t Get Jobs in the Real World!”
Negative Psychology: “Those Who Can’t, Shouldn’t Be Teaching”
“No Child Left Behind” and Beyond
Personal Mini-Experiments: The Power of Positive (and Negative) Teachers
The Components of Positive Schooling
Care, Trust, and Respect for Diversity
Goals (Content)
Plans
Motivation (Plus Enlivening the Course Contents for Students)
Hope
Societal Contributions
Teaching as a Calling
2016 National Teacher of the Year: “I Was a Teenage Mom, and Teachers Changed My Life”
Giving Back to Teachers
Gainful Employment
Gainful Employment: Happiness, Satisfaction, and Beyond
Performing Well and Meeting Goals
Deriving Purpose by Providing a Product or Service
Engagement and Involvement
Variety in Job Duties
Income for Family and Self
Companionship and Loyalty to Coworkers and Bosses: Friends at Work
Safe Work Environments
Respect and Appreciation for Diversity in the Workplace
Having or Being a Good Boss
The Strengths-Based Approach to Work
Match People, Don’t Fix Them
The Stages of This Approach
Does It Work?
Capital at Work
Traditional Economic Capital
Human Capital
Social Capital
Positive Psychological Capital
The Dark Side: Workaholics, Burnouts, and Jobs Lost
Workaholics
Burnout
Losing Your Job
What Can Be Done to Improve Your Work?
Making the Job Better
Personal Mini-Experiments: Becoming Gainfully Employed
Applying for a New Job
The Power to Change
When Work Becomes a Calling: The Tale of a Hospital Orderly
The Psychology of Gainful Employment and the Education That Gets Us There
Appendix A: Example of Positive Schooling: The StrengthsQuest Program
Appendix B: Positive Workplaces in Hong Kong: Building Positive Organizations, Engaging the Heart of Employees
Key Terms
Part VIII Finding Strengths in Others: Embodying Strengths in Everyday Life
Chapter 16 Remembering Shane: Real Strengths in a Real Person
“Strengths are all around you”
“Strengths are also within you”
“Strengths can be shared and borrowed”
Remembering Shane J. Lopez
Lisa M. Edwards, Marquette University
Jeana L. Magyar, University of Wisconsin, Steven’s Point
Heather Rasmussen, University of Kansas
Danny Singley, The Center for Men’s Excellence
Ryon McDermott, University of Alabama
Cynthia Pury, Clemson University
Kevin Rand, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis
Connie Clifton Rath, Gallup
Barbara L. Fredrickson, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Sarah Pressman, University of California, Irvine
Kristin Koetting O’Byrne, Abilene Christian University
Matt Englar-Carlson, California State University, Fullerton
Brian Cole, University of Kansas
Matthew Gallagher, University of Houston
Jennifer Teramoto Pedrotti, California Polytechnic State University
References
Glossary of Key Terms
Author Index
Subject Index